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7 dayscmd/compile: fix loopbce overflow check logicJunyang Shao
addWillOverflow and subWillOverflow has an implicit assumption that y is positive, using it outside of addU and subU is really incorrect. This CL fixes those incorrect usage to use the correct logic in place. Thanks to Jakub Ciolek for reporting this issue. Fixes #78333 Fixes CVE-2026-27143 Change-Id: I263e8e7ac227e2a68109eb7bbd45f66569ed22ec Reviewed-on: https://go-internal-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/3700 Reviewed-by: Damien Neil <dneil@google.com> Reviewed-by: Neal Patel <nealpatel@google.com> Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/763765 Reviewed-by: Jakub Ciolek <jakub@ciolek.dev> Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Auto-Submit: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2026-01-29cmd/compile: make prove use non-equality in subtraction for a stronger boundJonah Uellenberg
Given: s := /* slice */ k := /* proved valid index in s (0 <= k < len(s)) */ v := s[k:] len(v) >= 1, so v[0] needs no bounds check. However, for len(v) = len(s) - k, we only checked if len(s) >= k and so could only prove len(v) >= 0, thus the bounds check wasn't removed. As far as I can tell these checks were commented out for performance, but after benchmarking prove I see no difference. Fixes: #76429 Change-Id: I39ba2a18cbabc0559924d4d226dcb99dbe9a06ed GitHub-Last-Rev: 53f3344d261986cd021c8d7b8435ab89b5438b8f GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#76609 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/725100 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Auto-Submit: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>
2025-11-24cmd/compile: add cases for StringLen to proveDavid Chase
Tricky index-offset logic had been added for slices, but not for strings. This fixes that, and also adds tests for same behavior in string/slice cases, and adds a new test for code in prove that had been added but not explicitly tested. Fixes #76270. Change-Id: Ibd92b89e944d86b7f30b4486a9008e6f1ac6af7d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/723980 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2025-10-03cmd/compile: improve slicemask removalDavid Chase
this will be subsumed by pending changes in local slice representation, however this was easy and works well. Cherry-picked from the dev.simd branch. This CL is not necessarily SIMD specific. Apply early to reduce risk. Change-Id: I5b6eb10d257f04f906be7a8a6f2b6833992a39e8 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/704876 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/708866 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2025-03-06cmd/compile: remove no-longer-necessary recursive inlining checksDavid Chase
this does result in a little bit more inlining, cmd/compile text is 0.5% larger, bent-benchmark text geomeans grow by only 0.02%. some of our tests make assumptions about inlining. Change-Id: I999d1798aca5dc64a1928bd434258a61e702951a Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/655157 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-by: Cuong Manh Le <cuong.manhle.vn@gmail.com>
2024-08-07cmd/compile: rewrite the constant parts of the prove passkhr@golang.org
Handles a lot more cases where constant ranges can eliminate various (mostly bounds failure) paths. Fixes #66826 Fixes #66692 Fixes #48213 Update #57959 TODO: remove constant logic from poset code, no longer needed. Change-Id: Id196436fcd8a0c84c7d59c04f93bd92e26a0fd7e Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/599096 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
2023-10-19test: migrate remaining files to go:build syntaxDmitri Shuralyov
Most of the test cases in the test directory use the new go:build syntax already. Convert the rest. In general, try to place the build constraint line below the test directive comment in more places. For #41184. For #60268. Change-Id: I11c41a0642a8a26dc2eda1406da908645bbc005b Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-linux-386-longtest,gotip-linux-amd64-longtest,gotip-windows-amd64-longtest Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/536236 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Auto-Submit: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2023-09-12cmd/compile: sparse conditional constant propagationYi Yang
sparse conditional constant propagation can discover optimization opportunities that cannot be found by just combining constant folding and constant propagation and dead code elimination separately. This is a re-submit of PR#59575, which fix a broken dominance relationship caught by ssacheck Updates https://github.com/golang/go/issues/59399 Change-Id: I57482dee38f8e80a610aed4f64295e60c38b7a47 GitHub-Last-Rev: 830016f24e3a5320c6c127a48ab7c84e2fc672eb GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#60469 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/498795 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2023-05-24Revert "cmd/compile: sparse conditional constant propagation"Bryan Mills
This reverts CL 483875. Reason for revert: appears to cause internal compiler errors on the ssacheck builder. Change-Id: I662418384291470c1962c417797a5890dd9aa7a4 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/497855 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Run-TryBot: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Auto-Submit: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com>
2023-05-24cmd/compile: sparse conditional constant propagationYi Yang
sparse conditional constant propagation can discover optimization opportunities that cannot be found by just combining constant folding and constant propagation and dead code elimination separately. Updates #59399 Change-Id: Ia954e906480654a6f0cc065d75b5912f96f36b2e GitHub-Last-Rev: 90fc02db99f817b7f0ce5c584642ab1b166e62d7 GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#59575 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/483875 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2023-01-23cmd/compile: make loopbce handle 8, 16 and 32 bit induction variablesJakub Ciolek
Compute limits and increment values for all integer widths. Resolves 2 TODO's in loopbce.go compilecmp linux/amd64: compress/flate compress/flate.(*huffmanEncoder).bitCounts 1235 -> 1207 (-2.27%) cmd/internal/obj/wasm cmd/internal/obj/wasm.assemble 7443 -> 7303 (-1.88%) cmd/internal/obj/wasm.assemble.func1 165 -> 138 (-16.36%) cmd/link/internal/ld cmd/link/internal/ld.(*Link).findfunctab.func1 1646 -> 1627 (-1.15%) Change-Id: I2d79b7376eb67d6bcc8fdaf0c197c11e631562d0 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/435258 Reviewed-by: Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2022-08-31cmd/compile: tighten bounds for induction variables in strided loopsKeith Randall
for i := 0; i < 9; i += 3 Currently we compute bounds of [0,8]. Really we know that it is [0,6]. CL 415874 computed the better bound as part of overflow detection. This CL just incorporates that better info to the prove pass. R=go1.20 Change-Id: Ife82cc415321f6652c2b5d132a40ec23e3385766 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/415937 Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2022-07-06cmd/compile: rework induction variable detectorKeith Randall
Induction variable detection is still not quite right. I've added another failing test. Redo the overflow/underflow detector so it is more obviously correct. Update #53600 Fixes #53653 Fixes #53663 Change-Id: Id95228e282fdbf6bd80b26e1c41d62e935ba08ff Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/415874 Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2019-09-26cmd/compile: detect indvars that are bound by other indvarsGiovanni Bajo
prove wasn't able to detect induction variables that was bound by another inducation variable. This happened because an indvar is a Phi, and thus in case of a dependency, the loop bounding condition looked as Phi < Phi. This triggered an existing codepath that checked whether the upper bound was a Phi to detect loop conditions written in reversed order respect to the idiomatic way (eg: for i:=0; len(n)>i; i++). To fix this, we call the indvar pattern matching on both operands of the loop condition, so that the first operand that matches will be treated as the indvar. Updates #24660 (removes a boundcheck from Fannkuch) Change-Id: Iade83d8deb54f14277ed3f2e37b190e1ed173d11 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/195220 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2019-03-09cmd/compile: reverse order of slice bounds checksKeith Randall
Turns out this makes the fix for 28797 unnecessary, because this order ensures that the RHS of IsSliceInBounds ops are always nonnegative. The real reason for this change is that it also makes dealing with <0 values easier for reporting values in bounds check panics (issue #30116). Makes cmd/go negligibly smaller. Update #28797 Change-Id: I1f25ba6d2b3b3d4a72df3105828aa0a4b629ce85 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/166377 Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2018-12-07cmd/compile: check for negative upper bound to IsSliceInBoundsDavid Chase
IsSliceInBounds(x, y) asserts that y is not negative, but there were cases where this is not true. Change code generation to ensure that this is true when it's not obviously true. Prove phase cleans a few of these out. With this change the compiler text section is 0.06% larger, that is, not very much. Benchmarking still TBD, may need to wait for access to a benchmarking box (next week). Also corrected run.go to handle '?' in -update_errors output. Fixes #28797. Change-Id: Ia8af90bc50a91ae6e934ef973def8d3f398fac7b Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/152477 Run-TryBot: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2018-07-09cmd/compile: ensure that loop condition is detected correctlyKeith Randall
We need to make sure that the terminating comparison has the right sense given the increment direction. If the increment is positive, the terminating comparsion must be < or <=. If the increment is negative, the terminating comparison must be > or >=. Do a few cleanups, like constant-folding entry==0, adding comments, removing unused "exported" fields. Fixes #26116 Change-Id: I14230ee8126054b750e2a1f2b18eb8f09873dbd5 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/121940 Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com>
2018-04-29cmd/compile: teach prove to handle expressions like len(s)-deltaGiovanni Bajo
When a loop has bound len(s)-delta, findIndVar detected it and returned len(s) as (conservative) upper bound. This little lie allowed loopbce to drop bound checks. It is obviously more generic to teach prove about relations like x+d<w for non-constant "w"; we already handled the case for constant "w", so we just want to learn that if d<0, then x+d<w proves that x<w. To be able to remove the code from findIndVar, we also need to teach prove that len() and cap() are always non-negative. This CL allows to prove 633 more checks in cmd+std. Most of them are cases where the code was already testing before accessing a slice but the compiler didn't know it. For instance, take strings.HasSuffix: func HasSuffix(s, suffix string) bool { return len(s) >= len(suffix) && s[len(s)-len(suffix):] == suffix } When suffix is a literal string, the compiler now understands that the explicit check is enough to not emit a slice check. I also found a loopbce test that was incorrectly written to detect an overflow but had a off-by-one (on the conservative side), so it unexpectly passed with this CL; I changed it to really trigger the overflow as intended. Change-Id: Ib5abade337db46b8811425afebad4719b6e46c4a Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/105635 Run-TryBot: Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2018-04-29cmd/compile: in prove, detect loops with negative incrementsGiovanni Bajo
To be effective, this also requires being able to relax constraints on min/max bound inclusiveness; they are now exposed through a flags, and prove has been updated to handle it correctly. Change-Id: I3490e54461b7b9de8bc4ae40d3b5e2fa2d9f0556 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/104041 Run-TryBot: Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2018-04-29cmd/compile: improve testing of induction variablesGiovanni Bajo
Test both minimum and maximum bound, and prepare formatting for more advanced tests (inclusive / esclusive bounds). Change-Id: Ibe432916d9c938343bc07943798bc9709ad71845 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/104040 Run-TryBot: Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2018-04-29cmd/compile: implement loop BCE in proveGiovanni Bajo
Reuse findIndVar to discover induction variables, and then register the facts we know about them into the facts table when entering the loop block. Moreover, handle "x+delta > w" while updating the facts table, to be able to prove accesses to slices with constant offsets such as slice[i-10]. Change-Id: I2a63d050ed58258136d54712ac7015b25c893d71 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/104038 Run-TryBot: Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
2017-06-21cmd/compile: make loop guard+rotate conditional on GOEXPERIMENTDavid Chase
Loops of the form "for i,e := range" needed to have their condition rotated to the "bottom" for the preemptible loops GOEXPERIMENT, but this caused a performance regression because it degraded bounds check removal. For now, make the loop rotation/guarding conditional on the experiment. Fixes #20711. Updates #10958. Change-Id: Icfba14cb3b13a910c349df8f84838cf4d9d20cf6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/46410 Run-TryBot: David Chase <drchase@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-03-08cmd/compile: check loop rescheduling with stack bound, not counterDavid Chase
After benchmarking with a compiler modified to have better spill location, it became clear that this method of checking was actually faster on (at least) two different architectures (ppc64 and amd64) and it also provides more timely interruption of loops. This change adds a modified FOR loop node "FORUNTIL" that checks after executing the loop body instead of before (i.e., always at least once). This ensures that a pointer past the end of a slice or array is not made visible to the garbage collector. Without the rescheduling checks inserted, the restructured loop from this change apparently provides a 1% geomean improvement on PPC64 running the go1 benchmarks; the improvement on AMD64 is only 0.12%. Inserting the rescheduling check exposed some peculiar bug with the ssa test code for s390x; this was updated based on initial code actually generated for GOARCH=s390x to use appropriate OpArg, OpAddr, and OpVarDef. NaCl is disabled in testing. Change-Id: Ieafaa9a61d2a583ad00968110ef3e7a441abca50 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36206 Run-TryBot: David Chase <drchase@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
2017-02-28cmd/compile/ssa: more aggressive constant foldingphilhofer
Add rewrite rules that canonicalize the location of constants in expressions, and fold conststants that appear in operations that can be trivially reassociated. After this change, the compiler constant-folds expressions like "4 + x - 1" and "4 & x & 1" Benchmarks affected on darwin/amd64: name old time/op new time/op delta FmtFprintfInt-8 82.1ns ± 1% 81.7ns ± 1% -0.46% (p=0.023 n=8+9) FmtFprintfIntInt-8 122ns ± 2% 120ns ± 2% -1.48% (p=0.047 n=10+10) FmtManyArgs-8 493ns ± 0% 486ns ± 1% -1.37% (p=0.000 n=8+10) Gzip-8 230ms ± 0% 229ms ± 1% -0.46% (p=0.001 n=10+9) HTTPClientServer-8 74.5µs ± 1% 73.7µs ± 1% -1.11% (p=0.000 n=10+10) JSONDecode-8 51.7ms ± 0% 51.9ms ± 1% +0.42% (p=0.017 n=10+9) RegexpMatchEasy0_32-8 82.6ns ± 1% 81.7ns ± 0% -1.02% (p=0.000 n=9+8) RegexpMatchMedium_32-8 121ns ± 1% 120ns ± 1% -1.48% (p=0.001 n=10+10) Revcomp-8 426ms ± 1% 400ms ± 1% -6.16% (p=0.000 n=10+10) TimeFormat-8 330ns ± 1% 327ns ± 0% -0.82% (p=0.000 n=10+10) name old speed new speed delta Gzip-8 84.4MB/s ± 0% 84.8MB/s ± 1% +0.47% (p=0.001 n=10+9) JSONDecode-8 37.6MB/s ± 0% 37.4MB/s ± 1% -0.42% (p=0.016 n=10+9) RegexpMatchEasy0_32-8 387MB/s ± 1% 392MB/s ± 0% +1.06% (p=0.000 n=9+8) RegexpMatchMedium_32-8 8.21MB/s ± 1% 8.34MB/s ± 1% +1.58% (p=0.000 n=10+9) Revcomp-8 597MB/s ± 1% 636MB/s ± 1% +6.57% (p=0.000 n=10+10) Change-Id: Ie37ff91605b76a984a8400dfd1e34f50bf61c864 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37290 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-04-11cmd/compile: bce when max and limit are constsAlexandru Moșoi
Removes 49 more bound checks in make.bash. For example: var a[100]int for i := 0; i < 50; i++ { use a[i+25] } Change-Id: I85e0130ee5d07f0ece9b17044bba1a2047414ce7 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21379 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Run-TryBot: Alexandru Moșoi <alexandru@mosoi.ro> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-04-01cmd/compile/internal/ssa: BCE for induction variablesAlexandru Moșoi
There are 5293 loop in the main go repository. A survey of the top most common for loops: 18 for __k__ := 0; i < len(sa.Addr); i++ { 19 for __k__ := 0; ; i++ { 19 for __k__ := 0; i < 16; i++ { 25 for __k__ := 0; i < length; i++ { 30 for __k__ := 0; i < 8; i++ { 49 for __k__ := 0; i < len(s); i++ { 67 for __k__ := 0; i < n; i++ { 376 for __k__ := range __slice__ { 685 for __k__, __v__ := range __slice__ { 2074 for __, __v__ := range __slice__ { The algorithm to find induction variables handles all cases with an upper limit. It currently doesn't find related induction variables such as c * ind or c + ind. 842 out of 22954 bound checks are removed for src/make.bash. 1957 out of 42952 bounds checks are removed for src/all.bash. Things to do in follow-up CLs: * Find the associated pointer for `for _, v := range a {}` * Drop the NilChecks on the pointer. * Replace the implicit induction variable by a loop over the pointer Generated garbage can be reduced if we share the sdom between passes. % benchstat old.txt new.txt name old time/op new time/op delta Template 337ms ± 3% 333ms ± 3% ~ (p=0.258 n=9+9) GoTypes 1.11s ± 2% 1.10s ± 2% ~ (p=0.912 n=10+10) Compiler 5.25s ± 1% 5.29s ± 2% ~ (p=0.077 n=9+9) MakeBash 33.5s ± 1% 34.1s ± 2% +1.85% (p=0.011 n=9+9) name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta Template 63.6MB ± 0% 63.9MB ± 0% +0.52% (p=0.000 n=10+9) GoTypes 218MB ± 0% 219MB ± 0% +0.59% (p=0.000 n=10+9) Compiler 978MB ± 0% 985MB ± 0% +0.69% (p=0.000 n=10+10) name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta Template 582k ± 0% 583k ± 0% +0.10% (p=0.000 n=10+10) GoTypes 1.78M ± 0% 1.78M ± 0% +0.12% (p=0.000 n=10+10) Compiler 7.68M ± 0% 7.69M ± 0% +0.05% (p=0.000 n=10+10) name old text-bytes new text-bytes delta HelloSize 581k ± 0% 581k ± 0% -0.08% (p=0.000 n=10+10) CmdGoSize 6.40M ± 0% 6.39M ± 0% -0.08% (p=0.000 n=10+10) name old data-bytes new data-bytes delta HelloSize 3.66k ± 0% 3.66k ± 0% ~ (all samples are equal) CmdGoSize 134k ± 0% 134k ± 0% ~ (all samples are equal) name old bss-bytes new bss-bytes delta HelloSize 126k ± 0% 126k ± 0% ~ (all samples are equal) CmdGoSize 149k ± 0% 149k ± 0% ~ (all samples are equal) name old exe-bytes new exe-bytes delta HelloSize 947k ± 0% 946k ± 0% -0.01% (p=0.000 n=10+10) CmdGoSize 9.92M ± 0% 9.91M ± 0% -0.06% (p=0.000 n=10+10) Change-Id: Ie74bdff46fd602db41bb457333d3a762a0c3dc4d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20517 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Run-TryBot: Alexandru Moșoi <alexandru@mosoi.ro>