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2026-03-18runtime: implement part of library initialization in Goqmuntal
All architectures supporting c-shared and c-archive share the same initialization code in assembly, and most of it can be implemented in pure Go. Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-darwin-arm64-longtest,gotip-linux-ppc64le_power10,gotip-linux-riscv64,gotip-linux-loong64,gotip-linux-s390x Change-Id: Iaa9fb7d6f9ca8785f1098461646d607ef6b00d47 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/706417 Auto-Submit: Quim Muntal <quimmuntal@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Carlos Amedee <carlos@golang.org>
2026-03-18runtime: make asmcgocall more robust to missing Gqmuntal
Being able to call asmcgocall without a G is useful for code shared between different stages of the runtime initialization and thread creation. Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-darwin-arm64_15,gotip-linux-mips64le,gotip-linux-ppc64le_power10,gotip-linux-riscv64,gotip-openbsd-ppc64,gotip-openbsd-amd64 Change-Id: Ic427764de197e648e8b9987c98c3b7521512cc5c Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/750541 Reviewed-by: Carlos Amedee <carlos@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2026-02-18runtime/cgo: rename and update ppc64x and s390x croscall1 functionsqmuntal
crosscall1 has the same signature and behavior on all platforms except for ppc64x and s390x, fix that. Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-linux-ppc64le_power9,gotip-linux-ppc64_power8,gotip-linux-s390x Change-Id: Iead8b578a45787bb1fb2dd2dcfcb181514595637 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/708235 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2025-12-09runtime: on AIX check isarchive before calling libpreinitIan Lance Taylor
On AIX, all externally linked programs call _rt0_ppc64_aix_lib, as seen in runtime/cgo/gcc_aix_ppc64.c. The idea is that we only do the library initialization is isarchive is set. However, before this CL, AIX programs would call libpreinit before checking isarchive. The effect was that signals were initialized twice. That caused the signal code to record that all signals had an existing forwarding address, namely the Go signal handler that was always installed. This caused signal forwarding to enter an infinite loop. This caused, for example, "go test os" to hang forever when running TestStdPipe. Fixes #76081 Change-Id: I5555f8c5e299d45549f5ce601568dc6b3cff4ecc Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/727820 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2025-10-20runtime: make procyieldAsm no longer loop infinitely if passed 0Michael Anthony Knyszek
Change-Id: I9f01692373623687e09bee54efebaac0ee361f81 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/712664 Auto-Submit: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2025-10-20runtime: wrap procyield assembly and check for 0Michael Anthony Knyszek
procyield will currently loop infinitely if passed 0 on several platforms. This change sidesteps this bug by renaming procyield to procyieldAsm, and adding a wrapper named procyield that checks for cycles == 0. The benefit of this structure is that procyield called with a constant cycle count of 0 will be inlined and constant folded away, the expected behavior of a procyield of 0 cycles. A follow-up change will fix the assembly to not have this footgun anymore. Change-Id: I7068abfeb961bc0fa475e216836f7c0e46b38373 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/712663 Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Auto-Submit: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
2025-10-20runtime: fix _rt0_ppc64x_lib on aixqmuntal
CL 706395 refactored the ppc64 library entry point and missed some important aix-specific characteristics: - _rt0_ppc64x_lib should account for the function descriptor when getting the callback pointer. - _rt0_ppc64x_lib should only call _cgo_sys_thread_create when built as a c-archive. Fixes #75801 Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-linux-ppc64_power10 Change-Id: I343ca09d3b9688ffa585668a6c52f0ad519d6203 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/710175 Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <paumurph@redhat.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com>
2025-10-08runtime: cleanup comments from asm_ppc64x.s improvementsPaul Murphy
CL 706395 consolidated the aix and elf startup code, further update the comments to reflect this. Change-Id: Iccb98008b3fe4a4b08e55ee822924fad76846cc2 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/708355 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Auto-Submit: Paul Murphy <paumurph@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Quim Muntal <quimmuntal@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2025-10-02runtime: fix aix/ppc64 library initializationqmuntal
AIX sets the argc and argv parameters in R14 and R15, but _rt0_ppc64x_lib expects them to be in R3 and R4. Also, call reginit in _rt0_ppc64x_lib. These issues were oversights from CL 706395 which went unnoticed because there if no LUCI aix/ppc64 builder (see #67299). Change-Id: I93a2798739935fbcead3e6162b4b90db7e740aa5 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/708255 Reviewed-by: Carlos Amedee <carlos@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Junyang Shao <shaojunyang@google.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <paumurph@redhat.com>
2025-09-30runtime: unify ppc64/ppc64le library entry pointqmuntal
Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.golang.try:gotip-linux-ppc64le_power10 Change-Id: Ifd7861488b1b47a5d30163552b51838f2bef7248 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/706395 Reviewed-by: Carlos Amedee <carlos@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Auto-Submit: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2025-08-06cmd/compile: make panicBounds stack frame smaller on ppc64Keith Randall
We're running into nosplit limits when compiled with all=-N -l. Fixes #74910 Change-Id: I156263ae9b54ded240000001719512af86af70ee Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/693557 Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <paumurph@redhat.com> Auto-Submit: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2025-08-05cmd/compile: move ppc64 over to new bounds check strategyKeith Randall
Change-Id: I25a9bbc247b2490e7e37ed843386f53a71822146 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/682498 Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <paumurph@redhat.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2025-02-26runtime: remove ret field from gobufKeith Randall
It's not used for anything. Change-Id: I031b3cdfe52b6b1cff4b3cb6713ffe588084542f Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/652276 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2025-02-25cmd/compile, runtime: use PC of deferreturn for panic transferDavid Chase
this removes the old conditional-on-register-value handshake from the deferproc/deferprocstack logic. The "line" for the recovery-exit frame itself (not the defers that it runs) is the closing brace of the function. Reduces code size slightly (e.g. go command is 0.2% smaller) Sample output showing effect of this change, also what sort of code it requires to observe the effect: ``` package main import "os" func main() { g(len(os.Args) - 1) // stack[0] } var gi int var pi *int = &gi //go:noinline func g(i int) { switch i { case 0: defer func() { println("g0", i) q() // stack[2] if i == 0 }() for j := *pi; j < 1; j++ { defer func() { println("recover0", recover().(string)) }() } default: for j := *pi; j < 1; j++ { defer func() { println("g1", i) q() // stack[2] if i == 1 }() } defer func() { println("recover1", recover().(string)) }() } p() } // stack[1] (deferreturn) //go:noinline func p() { panic("p()") } //go:noinline func q() { panic("q()") // stack[3] } /* Sample output for "./foo foo": recover1 p() g1 1 panic: q() goroutine 1 [running]: main.q() .../main.go:46 +0x2c main.g.func3() .../main.go:29 +0x48 main.g(0x1?) .../main.go:37 +0x68 main.main() .../main.go:6 +0x28 */ ``` Change-Id: Ie39ea62ecc244213500380ea06d44024cadc2317 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/650795 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2024-05-22all: convert PPC64 CMPx ...,R0,... to CMPx Rx,$0Paul E. Murphy
Cleanup all remaining trivial compares against $0 in ppc64x assembly. In math, SRD ...,Rx; CMP Rx, $0 is further simplified to SRDCC. Change-Id: Ia2bc204953e32f08ee142bfd06a91965f30f99b6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/587016 Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Run-TryBot: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2024-05-11runtime: add runtime.debugPinnerV1Alessandro Arzilli
Adds runtime.debugPinnerV1 which returns a runtime.Pinner object that pins itself. This is intended to be used by debuggers in conjunction with runtime.debugCall to keep heap memory reachable even if it isn't referenced from anywhere else. Change-Id: I508ee6a7b103e68df83c96f2e04a0599200300dc Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/558276 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2024-04-22runtime: reduce stack usage for asmcgocall on PPC64Cherry Mui
Define it as ABIInternal, so the result does not take space on stack. Also use R10 as a temporary register for arithmetics on SP, so it is hidden from the assembler's SP delta calculation, which is irrelevant anyway as we are on the system stack. Change-Id: I8fed467601c19cad2d7afab26978246d15ce3147 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/580918 LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
2023-11-19runtime: add support for crash stack on ppc64/ppc64leJoel Sing
Change-Id: I8d1011509c4f0f529e97055280606603747a2e1a Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/541775 Reviewed-by: Mauri de Souza Meneguzzo <mauri870@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Run-TryBot: Joel Sing <joel@sing.id.au>
2023-09-08runtime: support for debugger function calls on linux/ppc64leArchana
This CL adds support for debugger function calls on linux ppc64le platform. The protocol is basically the same as in CL 395754, except for the following differences: 1, The abi differences which affect parameter passing and frame layout. 2, The closure register is R11. 3, Minimum framesize on pp64le is 32 bytes 4, Added functions to return parent context structure for general purpose registers in order to work with the way these structures are defined in ppc64le Change-Id: I58e01fedad66a818ab322e2b2d8f5104cfa64f39 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/512575 Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com> Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Run-TryBot: Archana Ravindar <aravinda@redhat.com> LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
2023-08-22runtime: add support for openbsd/ppc64Joel Sing
Add runtime support for the openbsd/ppc64 port. Updates #56001 Change-Id: I3cf010b34f96ce269858b02f16481fdad2cd5b77 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/475618 Reviewed-by: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Run-TryBot: Joel Sing <joel@sing.id.au> Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Grosse <grosse@gmail.com>
2023-08-22runtime: rework asmcgocall on ppc64xJoel Sing
On some platforms asmcgocall can be called with a nil g. Additionally, it can be called when already on a the system (g0) stack or on a signal stack. In these cases we do not need to switch (and/or cannot switch) to the system stack and as a result, do not need to save the g. Rework asmcgocall on ppc64x to follow the pattern used on other architectures, such as amd64 and arm64, where a separate nosave path is called in the above cases. The nil g case will be needed to support openbsd/ppc64. Updates #56001 Change-Id: I431d4200bcbc4aaddeb617aefe18590165ff2927 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/478775 Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Run-TryBot: Joel Sing <joel@sing.id.au> Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Reviewed-by: Bryan Mills <bcmills@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2023-06-14all: fix spelling errorsAlexander Yastrebov
Fix spelling errors discovered using https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell. Errors in data files and vendored packages are ignored. Change-Id: I83c7818222f2eea69afbd270c15b7897678131dc GitHub-Last-Rev: 3491615b1b82832cc0064f535786546e89aa6184 GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#60758 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/502576 Auto-Submit: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2023-06-10runtime: fix typosJes Cok
Change-Id: If13f4d4bc545f78e3eb8c23cf2e63f0eb273d71f GitHub-Last-Rev: 32ca70f52a5c3dd66f18535c5e595e66afb3903c GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#60703 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/502055 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> Auto-Submit: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2023-05-31runtime: preserve R29 in the write barrier flush path on ppc64David Chase
Surprisingly, it usually survived the call to flush a write barrier. Usually. Fixes #60368 Change-Id: I4792a57738e5829c79baebae4d13b62abe9526b6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/499679 Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2023-05-17runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread keyCherry Mui
This reapplies CL 485500, with a fix drafted in CL 492987 incorporated. CL 485500 is reverted due to #60004 and #60007. #60004 is fixed in CL 492743. #60007 is fixed in CL 492987 (incorporated in this CL). [Original CL 485500 description] This reapplies CL 481061, with the followup fixes in CL 482975, CL 485315, and CL 485316 incorporated. CL 481061, by doujiang24 <doujiang24@gmail.com>, speed up C to Go calls by binding the M to the C thread. See below for its description. CL 482975 is a followup fix to a C declaration in testprogcgo. CL 485315 is a followup fix for x_cgo_getstackbound on Illumos. CL 485316 is a followup cleanup for ppc64 assembly. CL 479915 passed the G to _cgo_getstackbound for direct updates to gp.stack.lo. A G can be reused on a new thread after the previous thread exited. This could trigger the C TSAN race detector because it couldn't see the synchronization in Go (lockextra) preventing the same G from being used on multiple threads at the same time. We work around this by passing the address of a stack variable to _cgo_getstackbound rather than the G. The stack is generally unique per thread, so TSAN won't see the same address from multiple threads. Even if stacks are reused across threads by pthread, C TSAN should see the synchonization in the stack allocator. A regression test is added to misc/cgo/testsanitizer. [Original CL 481061 description] This reapplies CL 392854, with the followup fixes in CL 479255, CL 479915, and CL 481057 incorporated. CL 392854, by doujiang24 <doujiang24@gmail.com>, speed up C to Go calls by binding the M to the C thread. See below for its description. CL 479255 is a followup fix for a small bug in ARM assembly code. CL 479915 is another followup fix to address C to Go calls after the C code uses some stack, but that CL is also buggy. CL 481057, by Michael Knyszek, is a followup fix for a memory leak bug of CL 479915. [Original CL 392854 description] In a C thread, it's necessary to acquire an extra M by using needm while invoking a Go function from C. But, needm and dropm are heavy costs due to the signal-related syscalls. So, we change to not dropm while returning back to C, which means binding the extra M to the C thread until it exits, to avoid needm and dropm on each C to Go call. Instead, we only dropm while the C thread exits, so the extra M won't leak. When invoking a Go function from C: Allocate a pthread variable using pthread_key_create, only once per shared object, and register a thread-exit-time destructor. And store the g0 of the current m into the thread-specified value of the pthread key, only once per C thread, so that the destructor will put the extra M back onto the extra M list while the C thread exits. When returning back to C: Skip dropm in cgocallback, when the pthread variable has been created, so that the extra M will be reused the next time invoke a Go function from C. This is purely a performance optimization. The old version, in which needm & dropm happen on each cgo call, is still correct too, and we have to keep the old version on systems with cgo but without pthreads, like Windows. This optimization is significant, and the specific value depends on the OS system and CPU, but in general, it can be considered as 10x faster, for a simple Go function call from a C thread. For the newly added BenchmarkCGoInCThread, some benchmark results: 1. it's 28x faster, from 3395 ns/op to 121 ns/op, in darwin OS & Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU @ 2.60GHz 2. it's 6.5x faster, from 1495 ns/op to 230 ns/op, in Linux OS & Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz [CL 479915 description] Currently, when C calls into Go the first time, we grab an M using needm, which sets m.g0's stack bounds using the SP. We don't know how big the stack is, so we simply assume 32K. Previously, when the Go function returns to C, we drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we put a new stack bound on the g0 based on the current SP. After CL 392854, we don't drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we reuse the same g0, without recomputing the stack bounds. If the C code uses quite a bit of stack space before calling into Go, the SP may be well below the 32K stack bound we assumed, so the runtime thinks the g0 stack overflows. This CL makes needm get a more accurate stack bound from pthread. (In some platforms this may still be a guess as we don't know exactly where we are in the C stack), but it is probably better than simply assuming 32K. [CL 492987 description] On the first call into Go from a C thread, currently we set the g0 stack's high bound imprecisely based on the SP. With CL 485500, we keep the M and don't recompute the stack bounds when it calls into Go again. If the first call is made when the C thread uses some deep stack, but a subsequent call is made with a shallower stack, the SP may be above g0.stack.hi. This is usually okay as we don't check usually stack.hi. One place where we do check for stack.hi is in the signal handler, in adjustSignalStack. In particular, C TSAN delivers signals on the g0 stack (instead of the usual signal stack). If the SP is above g0.stack.hi, we don't see it is on the g0 stack, and throws. This CL makes it get an accurate stack upper bound with the pthread API (on the platforms where it is available). Also add some debug print for the "handler not on signal stack" throw. Fixes #51676. Fixes #59294. Fixes #59678. Fixes #60007. Change-Id: Ie51c8e81ade34ec81d69fd7bce1fe0039a470776 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/495855 Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2023-05-05Revert "runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread key"Chressie Himpel
This reverts CL 485500. Reason for revert: This breaks internal tests at Google, see b/280861579 and b/280820455. Change-Id: I426278d400f7611170918fc07c524cb059b9cc55 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/492995 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Chressie Himpel <chressie@google.com>
2023-04-26runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread keyMichael Pratt
This reapplies CL 481061, with the followup fixes in CL 482975, CL 485315, and CL 485316 incorporated. CL 481061, by doujiang24 <doujiang24@gmail.com>, speed up C to Go calls by binding the M to the C thread. See below for its description. CL 482975 is a followup fix to a C declaration in testprogcgo. CL 485315 is a followup fix for x_cgo_getstackbound on Illumos. CL 485316 is a followup cleanup for ppc64 assembly. [Original CL 481061 description] This reapplies CL 392854, with the followup fixes in CL 479255, CL 479915, and CL 481057 incorporated. CL 392854, by doujiang24 <doujiang24@gmail.com>, speed up C to Go calls by binding the M to the C thread. See below for its description. CL 479255 is a followup fix for a small bug in ARM assembly code. CL 479915 is another followup fix to address C to Go calls after the C code uses some stack, but that CL is also buggy. CL 481057, by Michael Knyszek, is a followup fix for a memory leak bug of CL 479915. [Original CL 392854 description] In a C thread, it's necessary to acquire an extra M by using needm while invoking a Go function from C. But, needm and dropm are heavy costs due to the signal-related syscalls. So, we change to not dropm while returning back to C, which means binding the extra M to the C thread until it exits, to avoid needm and dropm on each C to Go call. Instead, we only dropm while the C thread exits, so the extra M won't leak. When invoking a Go function from C: Allocate a pthread variable using pthread_key_create, only once per shared object, and register a thread-exit-time destructor. And store the g0 of the current m into the thread-specified value of the pthread key, only once per C thread, so that the destructor will put the extra M back onto the extra M list while the C thread exits. When returning back to C: Skip dropm in cgocallback, when the pthread variable has been created, so that the extra M will be reused the next time invoke a Go function from C. This is purely a performance optimization. The old version, in which needm & dropm happen on each cgo call, is still correct too, and we have to keep the old version on systems with cgo but without pthreads, like Windows. This optimization is significant, and the specific value depends on the OS system and CPU, but in general, it can be considered as 10x faster, for a simple Go function call from a C thread. For the newly added BenchmarkCGoInCThread, some benchmark results: 1. it's 28x faster, from 3395 ns/op to 121 ns/op, in darwin OS & Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU @ 2.60GHz 2. it's 6.5x faster, from 1495 ns/op to 230 ns/op, in Linux OS & Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz [CL 479915 description] Currently, when C calls into Go the first time, we grab an M using needm, which sets m.g0's stack bounds using the SP. We don't know how big the stack is, so we simply assume 32K. Previously, when the Go function returns to C, we drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we put a new stack bound on the g0 based on the current SP. After CL 392854, we don't drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we reuse the same g0, without recomputing the stack bounds. If the C code uses quite a bit of stack space before calling into Go, the SP may be well below the 32K stack bound we assumed, so the runtime thinks the g0 stack overflows. This CL makes needm get a more accurate stack bound from pthread. (In some platforms this may still be a guess as we don't know exactly where we are in the C stack), but it is probably better than simply assuming 32K. [CL 485500 description] CL 479915 passed the G to _cgo_getstackbound for direct updates to gp.stack.lo. A G can be reused on a new thread after the previous thread exited. This could trigger the C TSAN race detector because it couldn't see the synchronization in Go (lockextra) preventing the same G from being used on multiple threads at the same time. We work around this by passing the address of a stack variable to _cgo_getstackbound rather than the G. The stack is generally unique per thread, so TSAN won't see the same address from multiple threads. Even if stacks are reused across threads by pthread, C TSAN should see the synchonization in the stack allocator. A regression test is added to misc/cgo/testsanitizer. Fixes #51676. Fixes #59294. Fixes #59678. Change-Id: Ic62be31a06ee83568215e875a891df37084e08ca Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/485500 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2023-04-21runtime: tidy _Stack* constant namingAustin Clements
For #59670. Change-Id: I0efa743edc08e48dc8d906803ba45e9f641369db Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/486977 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Auto-Submit: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2023-04-20Revert "runtime: tidy _Stack* constant naming"Austin Clements
This reverts commit CL 486381. Submitted out of order and breaks bootstrap. Change-Id: Ia472111cb966e884a48f8ee3893b3bf4b4f4f875 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/486915 Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> TryBot-Bypass: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2023-04-20runtime: tidy _Stack* constant namingAustin Clements
For #59670. Change-Id: I4476d6f92663e8a825d063d6e6a7fc9a2ac99d4d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/486381 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-04-18runtime: consolidate function descriptor definitions on PPC64Michael Pratt
This reapplies CL 481075, which was a reappliation of CL 478917. This CL has been reverted twice now due to conflicts with CL 392854 / CL 481061, which had bugs and had to be reverted. Now this CL skips the conflicting changes to runtime/cgo/asm_ppc64x.s, which will be merged directly into a new version of CL 392854 / CL 481061. That way, if there are _more_ issues, this CL need not be involved in any more reverts. Change-Id: I2801b918faf9418dd0edff19f2a63f4d9e08896c Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/485335 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Auto-Submit: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-04-17Revert "runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread key"Michael Pratt
This reverts CL 481061. Reason for revert: When built with C TSAN, x_cgo_getstackbound triggers race detection on `g->stacklo` because the synchronization is in Go, which isn't instrumented. For #51676. For #59294. For #59678. Change-Id: I38afcda9fcffd6537582a39a5214bc23dc147d47 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/485275 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Auto-Submit: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
2023-04-17Revert "Revert "Revert "runtime: consolidate function descriptor definitions ↵Michael Pratt
on PPC64""" This reverts CL 481075 (a re-apply of previously reverted CL 478917). Reason for revert: CL 481061 causes C TSAN failures and must be reverted. See CL 485275. This CL depends on CL 481061. For #59678. Change-Id: I4bf7f43d9df1ae28e04cd4065552bcbee82ef13f Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/485316 Reviewed-by: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Auto-Submit: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2023-04-03Revert "Revert "runtime: consolidate function descriptor definitions on PPC64""Cherry Mui
This reverts CL 481059, which in turn reverts CL 478917. Reason for revert: reapply the original CL. Change-Id: Icf6bb6a620313b44fadcc7f69a62fdbb943e34fd Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/481075 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com>
2023-04-03runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread keydoujiang24
This reapplies CL 392854, with the followup fixes in CL 479255, CL 479915, and CL 481057 incorporated. CL 392854, by doujiang24 <doujiang24@gmail.com>, speed up C to Go calls by binding the M to the C thread. See below for its description. CL 479255 is a followup fix for a small bug in ARM assembly code. CL 479915 is another followup fix to address C to Go calls after the C code uses some stack, but that CL is also buggy. CL 481057, by Michael Knyszek, is a followup fix for a memory leak bug of CL 479915. [Original CL 392854 description] In a C thread, it's necessary to acquire an extra M by using needm while invoking a Go function from C. But, needm and dropm are heavy costs due to the signal-related syscalls. So, we change to not dropm while returning back to C, which means binding the extra M to the C thread until it exits, to avoid needm and dropm on each C to Go call. Instead, we only dropm while the C thread exits, so the extra M won't leak. When invoking a Go function from C: Allocate a pthread variable using pthread_key_create, only once per shared object, and register a thread-exit-time destructor. And store the g0 of the current m into the thread-specified value of the pthread key, only once per C thread, so that the destructor will put the extra M back onto the extra M list while the C thread exits. When returning back to C: Skip dropm in cgocallback, when the pthread variable has been created, so that the extra M will be reused the next time invoke a Go function from C. This is purely a performance optimization. The old version, in which needm & dropm happen on each cgo call, is still correct too, and we have to keep the old version on systems with cgo but without pthreads, like Windows. This optimization is significant, and the specific value depends on the OS system and CPU, but in general, it can be considered as 10x faster, for a simple Go function call from a C thread. For the newly added BenchmarkCGoInCThread, some benchmark results: 1. it's 28x faster, from 3395 ns/op to 121 ns/op, in darwin OS & Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU @ 2.60GHz 2. it's 6.5x faster, from 1495 ns/op to 230 ns/op, in Linux OS & Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz [CL 479915 description] Currently, when C calls into Go the first time, we grab an M using needm, which sets m.g0's stack bounds using the SP. We don't know how big the stack is, so we simply assume 32K. Previously, when the Go function returns to C, we drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we put a new stack bound on the g0 based on the current SP. After CL 392854, we don't drop the M, and the next time C calls into Go, we reuse the same g0, without recomputing the stack bounds. If the C code uses quite a bit of stack space before calling into Go, the SP may be well below the 32K stack bound we assumed, so the runtime thinks the g0 stack overflows. This CL makes needm get a more accurate stack bound from pthread. (In some platforms this may still be a guess as we don't know exactly where we are in the C stack), but it is probably better than simply assuming 32K. Fixes #51676. Fixes #59294. Change-Id: I9bf1400106d5c08ce621d2ed1df3a2d9e3f55494 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/481061 Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: DeJiang Zhu (doujiang) <doujiang24@gmail.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2023-03-31Revert "runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread key"Cherry Mui
This reverts CL 392854. Reason for revert: caused #59294, which was derived from google internal tests. The attempted fix of #59294 caused more breakage. Change-Id: I5a061561ac2740856b7ecc09725ac28bd30f8bba Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/481060 Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2023-03-31Revert "runtime: consolidate function descriptor definitions on PPC64"Cherry Mui
This reverts CL 478917. Reason for revert: need to revert CL 392854, and this caused a conflict. Change-Id: I02c3285de5635b431a99adc8790c8310d1c4e6a2 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/481059 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Heschi Kreinick <heschi@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-03-27runtime: consolidate function descriptor definitions on PPC64Paul E. Murphy
This is a cleanup to allow a consistent definitions of a function descriptor on code shared between AIX and Linux. They need to be declared in slightly different ways, but we can hide that in one macro. And, update all usage. Change-Id: I10f3580473db555b4fb4d2597b856f3a67d01a53 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/478917 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com>
2023-03-24runtime/cgo: store M for C-created thread in pthread keydoujiang24
In a C thread, it's necessary to acquire an extra M by using needm while invoking a Go function from C. But, needm and dropm are heavy costs due to the signal-related syscalls. So, we change to not dropm while returning back to C, which means binding the extra M to the C thread until it exits, to avoid needm and dropm on each C to Go call. Instead, we only dropm while the C thread exits, so the extra M won't leak. When invoking a Go function from C: Allocate a pthread variable using pthread_key_create, only once per shared object, and register a thread-exit-time destructor. And store the g0 of the current m into the thread-specified value of the pthread key, only once per C thread, so that the destructor will put the extra M back onto the extra M list while the C thread exits. When returning back to C: Skip dropm in cgocallback, when the pthread variable has been created, so that the extra M will be reused the next time invoke a Go function from C. This is purely a performance optimization. The old version, in which needm & dropm happen on each cgo call, is still correct too, and we have to keep the old version on systems with cgo but without pthreads, like Windows. This optimization is significant, and the specific value depends on the OS system and CPU, but in general, it can be considered as 10x faster, for a simple Go function call from a C thread. For the newly added BenchmarkCGoInCThread, some benchmark results: 1. it's 28x faster, from 3395 ns/op to 121 ns/op, in darwin OS & Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU @ 2.60GHz 2. it's 6.5x faster, from 1495 ns/op to 230 ns/op, in Linux OS & Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHz Fixes #51676 Change-Id: I380702fe2f9b6b401b2d6f04b0aba990f4b9ee6c GitHub-Last-Rev: 93dc64ad98e5583372e41f65ee4b7ab78b5aff51 GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#51679 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/392854 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: thepudds <thepudds1460@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-03-18runtime: provide and use a GO_PPC64X_HAS_FUNCDESC defineJoel Sing
Rather than implying that all ppc64 GOARCHs use function descriptors, provide a define for platforms that make use of function descriptors. Condition on GO_PPC64X_HAS_FUNCDESC when choosing whether or not to load the entry address from the first slot of the function descriptor. Updates #56001. Change-Id: I9cdc788f2de70a1262c17d8485b555383d1374b5 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/476117 Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> Run-TryBot: Joel Sing <joel@sing.id.au> Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-02-24cmd/compile: batch write barrier callsKeith Randall
Have the write barrier call return a pointer to a buffer into which the generated code records pointers that need write barrier treatment. Change-Id: I7871764298e0aa1513de417010c8d46b296b199e Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/447781 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Bypass: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-02-17cmd/compile: move raw writes out of write barrier codeKeith Randall
Previously, the write barrier calls themselves did the actual writes to memory. Instead, move those writes out to a common location that both the wb-enabled and wb-disabled code paths share. This enables us to optimize the write barrier path without having to worry about performing the actual writes. Change-Id: Ia71ab651908ec124cc33141afb52e4ca19733ac6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/447780 Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Bypass: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-02-17runtime: remove the restriction that write barrier ptrs come in pairsKeith Randall
Future CLs will remove the invariant that pointers are always put in the write barrier in pairs. The behavior of the assembly code changes a bit, where instead of writing the pointers unconditionally and then checking for overflow, check for overflow first and then write the pointers. Also changed the write barrier flush function to not take the src/dst as arguments. Change-Id: I2ef708038367b7b82ea67cbaf505a1d5904c775c Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/447779 Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Bypass: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2023-01-16runtime: fix performance regression in morestack_noctxt on ppc64Archana R
In the fix for 54332 the MOVD R1, R1 instruction was added to morestack_noctxt function to set the SPWRITE bit. However, the instruction MOVD R1, R1 results in or r1,r1,r1 which is a special instruction on ppc64 architecture as it changes the thread priority and can negatively impact performance in some cases. More details on such similar nops can be found in Power ISA v3.1 Book II on Power ISA Virtual Environment architecture in the chapter on Program Priority Registers and Or instructions. Replacing this by OR R0, R1 has the same affect on setting SPWRITE as needed by the first fix but does not affect thread priority and hence does not cause the degradation in performance Hash65536-64 2.81GB/s ±10% 16.69GB/s ± 0% +494.44% Fixes #57741 Change-Id: Ib912e3716c6afd277994d6c1c5b2891f82225d50 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/461597 Reviewed-by: Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Auto-Submit: Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Lynn Boger <laboger@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
2022-08-25runtime: mark morestack_noctxt SPWRITE on LR architecturesCherry Mui
On LR architectures, morestack (and morestack_noctxt) are called with a special calling convention, where the caller doesn't save LR on stack but passes it as a register, which morestack will save to g.sched.lr. The stack unwinder currently doesn't understand it, and would fail to unwind from it. morestack already writes SP (as it switches stack), but morestack_noctxt (which tailcalls morestack) doesn't. If a profiling signal lands right in morestack_noctxt, the unwinder will try to unwind the stack and go off, and possibly crash. Marking morestack_noctxt SPWRITE stops the unwinding. Ideally we could teach the unwinder about the special calling convention, or change the calling convention to be less special (so the unwinder doesn't need to fetch a register from the signal context). This is a stop-gap solution, to stop the unwinder from crashing. Fixes #54332. Change-Id: I75295f2e27ddcf05f1ea0b541aedcb9000ae7576 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/425396 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2022-06-06runtime: fix breakpoint in ppc64xAlejandro Sáez
Currently runtime.Breakpoint generates a SIGSEGV in ppc64. The solution is an unconditional trap similar to what clang and gcc do. It is documented in the section C.6 of the ABI Book 3. Fixes #52101 Change-Id: I071d2f2679b695ef268445b04c9222bd74e1f9af GitHub-Last-Rev: fff4e5e8ffe23bf0cef135b22abd2cc0a3838613 GitHub-Pull-Request: golang/go#52102 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/397554 Reviewed-by: Dmitri Shuralyov <dmitshur@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Run-TryBot: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2022-05-06cmd/link: generate PPC64 ABI register save/restore functions if neededPaul E. Murphy
They are usually needed when internally linking gcc code compiled with -Os. These are typically generated by ld or gold, but are missing when linking internally. The PPC64 ELF ABI describes a set of functions to save/restore non-volatile, callee-save registers using R1/R0/R12: _savegpr0_n: Save Rn-R31 relative to R1, save LR (in R0), return _restgpr0_n: Restore Rn-R31 from R1, and return to saved LR _savefpr_n: Save Fn-F31 based on R1, and save LR (in R0), return _restfpr_n: Restore Fn-F31 from R1, and return to 16(R1) _savegpr1_n: Save Rn-R31 based on R12, return _restgpr1_n: Restore Rn-R31 based on R12, return _savevr_m: Save VRm-VR31 based on R0, R12 is scratch, return _restvr_m: Restore VRm-VR31 based on R0, R12 is scratch, return m is a value 20<=m<=31 n is a value 14<=n<=31 Add several new functions similar to those suggested by the PPC64 ELFv2 ABI. And update the linker to scan external relocs for these calls, and redirect them to runtime.elf_<func>+offset in runtime/asm_ppc64x.go. Similarly, code which generates plt stubs is moved into a dedicated function. This avoids an extra scan of relocs. fixes #52336 Change-Id: I2f0f8b5b081a7b294dff5c92b4b1db8eba9a9400 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/400796 Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com> Run-TryBot: Paul Murphy <murp@ibm.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2022-03-28all: delete PPC64 non-register ABI fallback pathCherry Mui
Change-Id: Ie058c0549167b256ad943a0134907df3aca4a69f Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/394215 Trust: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2022-03-18all: delete regabireflect goexperimentCherry Mui
regabireflect goexperiment was helpful in the register ABI development, to control code paths for reflect calls, before the compiler can generate register ABI everywhere. It is not necessary for now. Drop it. Change-Id: I2731197d2f496e29616c426a01045c9b685946a4 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/393362 Trust: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
2021-11-06all: remove more leftover // +build linesTobias Klauser
CL 344955 and CL 359476 removed almost all // +build lines, but leaving some assembly files and generating scripts. Also, some files were added with // +build lines after CL 359476 was merged. Remove these or rename files where more appropriate. For #41184 Change-Id: I7eb85a498ed9788b42a636e775f261d755504ffa Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/361480 Trust: Tobias Klauser <tobias.klauser@gmail.com> Run-TryBot: Tobias Klauser <tobias.klauser@gmail.com> TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Bryan C. Mills <bcmills@google.com>