cmd/go: implement -reuse for Mercurial repos

When we added -reuse in CL 411398, we only handled Git repos.
This was partly because we were focused on Git traffic,
partly because Git is the dominant module VCS, and
partly because I couldn't see how to retrieve the metadata needed
in other version control systems.

This CL adds -reuse support for Mercurial, the second
most popular VCS for modules, now that I see how to
implement it. Although the Mercurial command line does
not have sufficient information, the Mercurial Python API does,
so we ship and invoke a Mercurial extension written in Python
that can compute a hash of the remote repo without downloading
it entirely, as well as resolve a remote name to a hash or check
the continued existence of a hash. Then we can avoid
downloading the repo at all if it hasn't changed since the last check
or if the specific reference we need still resolves or exists.

Fixes #75119.

Change-Id: Ia47d89b15c1091c44efef9d325270fc400a412c4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/718382
Auto-Submit: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@google.com>
LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>

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