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Add retry logic for HTTP 429 (Too Many Requests) responses to handle
server-side rate limiting gracefully. When Git's HTTP client receives
a 429 response, it can now automatically retry the request after an
appropriate delay, respecting the server's rate limits.
The implementation supports the RFC-compliant Retry-After header in
both delay-seconds (integer) and HTTP-date (RFC 2822) formats. If a
past date is provided, Git retries immediately without waiting.
Retry behavior is controlled by three new configuration options
(http.maxRetries, http.retryAfter, and http.maxRetryTime) which are
documented in git-config(1).
The retry logic implements a fail-fast approach: if any delay
(whether from server header or configuration) exceeds maxRetryTime,
Git fails immediately with a clear error message rather than capping
the delay. This provides better visibility into rate limiting issues.
The implementation includes extensive test coverage for basic retry
behavior, Retry-After header formats (integer and HTTP-date),
configuration combinations, maxRetryTime limits, invalid header
handling, environment variable overrides, and edge cases.
Signed-off-by: Vaidas Pilkauskas <vaidas.pilkauskas@shopify.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The dumb HTTP protocol directly fetches packfiles from the remote server
and temporarily stores them in a list of packfiles. Those packfiles are
not yet added to the repository's packfile store until we finalize the
whole fetch.
Refactor the code to instead use a `struct packfile_list` to store those
packs. This prepares us for a subsequent change where the `->next`
pointer of `struct packed_git` will go away.
Note that this refactoring creates some temporary duplication of code,
as we now have both `packfile_list_find_oid()` and `find_oid_pack()`.
The latter function will be removed in a subsequent commit though.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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A few places where an size_t value was cast to curl_off_t without
checking has been updated to use the existing helper function.
* js/curl-off-t-fixes:
http-push: avoid new compile error
imap-send: be more careful when casting to `curl_off_t`
http: offer to cast `size_t` to `curl_off_t` safely
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This commit moves the `xcurl_off_t()` function, which validates that a
given value fits within the `curl_off_t` data type and then casts it, to
a more central place so that it can be used outside of `remote-curl.c`,
too.
At the same time, this function is renamed to conform better with the
naming convention of the helper functions that safely cast from one data
type to another which has been well established in `git-compat-util.h`.
With this move, `gettext.h` must be `#include`d in `http.h` to allow the
error message to remain translatable.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The `install_packed_git()` functions adds a packfile to a specific
object store. Refactor it to accept a packfile store instead of a
repository to clarify its scope.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We generally avoid using `typedef` in the Git codebase. One exception
though is the `git_hash_ctx`, likely because it used to be a union
rather than a struct until the preceding commit refactored it. But now
that it is a normal `struct` there isn't really a need for a typedef
anymore.
Drop the typedef and adapt all callers accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The new_http_object_request() function allocates a struct on the heap,
along with some fields inside the struct. But the matching function to
clean it up, release_http_object_request(), only frees the interior
fields without freeing the struct itself, causing a leak.
The related http_pack_request new/release pair gets this right, and at
first glance we should be able to do the same thing and just add a
single free() call. But there's a catch.
These http_object_request structs are typically embedded in the
object_request struct of http-walker.c. And when we clean up that parent
struct, it sanity-checks the embedded struct to make sure we are not
leaking descriptors. Which means a use-after-free if we simply free()
the embedded struct.
I have no idea how valuable that sanity-check is, or whether it can
simply be deleted. This all goes back to 5424bc557f (http*: add helper
methods for fetching objects (loose), 2009-06-06). But the obvious way
to make it all work is to be sure we set the pointer to NULL after
freeing it (and our freeing process closes the descriptor, so we know
there is no leak).
To make sure we do that consistently, we'll switch the pointer we take
in release_http_object_request() to a pointer-to-pointer, and we'll set
it to NULL ourselves. And then the compiler can help us find each caller
which needs to be updated.
Most cases will just pass "&obj_req->req", which will obviously do the
right thing. In a few cases, like http-push's finish_request(), we are
working with a copy of the pointer, so we don't NULL the original. But
it's OK because the next step is to free the struct containing the
original pointer anyway.
This lets us mark t5551 as leak-free. Ironically this is the "smart"
http test, and the leak here only affects dumb http. But there's a
single dumb-http invocation in there. The full dumb tests are in t5550,
which still has some more leaks.
This also makes t5559 leak-free, as it's just an HTTP/2 variant of
t5551. But we don't need to mark it as such, since it inherits the flag
from t5551.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Now that we have the credential helper code set up to handle arbitrary
authentications schemes, let's add support for this in the HTTP code,
where we really want to use it. If we're using this new functionality,
don't set a username and password, and instead set a header wherever
we'd normally do so, including for proxy authentication.
Since we can now handle this case, ask the credential helper to enable
the appropriate capabilities.
Finally, if we're using the authtype value, set "Expect: 100-continue".
Any type of authentication that requires multiple rounds (such as NTLM
or Kerberos) requires a 100 Continue (if we're larger than
http.postBuffer) because otherwise we send the pack data before we're
authenticated, the push gets a 401 response, and we can't rewind the
stream. We don't know for certain what other custom schemes might
require this, the HTTP/1.1 standard has required handling this since
1999, the broken HTTP server for which we disabled this (Google's) is
now fixed and has been for some time, and libcurl has a 1-second
fallback in case the HTTP server is still broken. In addition, it is
not unreasonable to require compliance with a 25-year old standard to
use new Git features. For all of these reasons, do so here.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Currently we create one set of headers for all object requests and reuse
it. However, we'll need to adjust the headers for authentication
purposes in the future, so let's create a new set for each request so
that we can adjust them if the authentication changes.
Note that the cost of allocation here is tiny compared to the fact that
we're making a network call, not to mention probably a full TLS
connection, so this shouldn't have a significant impact on performance.
Moreover, nobody who cares about performance is using the dumb HTTP
protocol anyway, since it often makes huge numbers of requests compared
to the smart protocol.
Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The unnecessary include in the header transitively pulled in some
other headers actually needed by source files, though. Have those
source files explicitly include the headers they need.
Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Calvin Wan <calvinwan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Move functions from cache.h for zlib.c into a new header file. Since
adding a "zlib.h" would cause issues with the real zlib, rename zlib.c
to git-zlib.c while we are at it.
Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Calvin Wan <calvinwan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The IOCTLFUNCTION option has been deprecated, and generates a compiler
warning in recent versions of curl. We can switch to using SEEKFUNCTION
instead. It was added in 2008 via curl 7.18.0; our INSTALL file already
indicates we require at least curl 7.19.4.
But there's one catch: curl says we should use CURL_SEEKFUNC_{OK,FAIL},
and those didn't arrive until 7.19.5. One workaround would be to use a
bare 0/1 here (or define our own macros). But let's just bump the
minimum required version to 7.19.5. That version is only a minor version
bump from our existing requirement, and is only a 2 month time bump for
versions that are almost 13 years old. So it's not likely that anybody
cares about the distinction.
Switching means we have to rewrite the ioctl functions into seek
functions. In some ways they are simpler (seeking is the only
operation), but in some ways more complex (the ioctl allowed only a full
rewind, but now we can seek to arbitrary offsets).
Curl will only ever use SEEK_SET (per their documentation), so I didn't
bother implementing anything else, since it would naturally be
completely untested. This seems unlikely to change, but I added an
assertion just in case.
Likewise, I doubt curl will ever try to seek outside of the buffer sizes
we've told it, but I erred on the defensive side here, rather than do an
out-of-bounds read.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Git server end's ability to accept Accept-Language header was introduced
in f18604bbf2 (http: add Accept-Language header if possible, 2015-01-28),
but this is only used by very early phase of the transfer, which is HTTP
GET request to discover references. For other phases, like POST request
in the smart HTTP, the server does not know what language the client
speaks.
Teach git client to learn end-user's preferred language and throw
accept-language header to the server side. Once the server gets this header,
it has the ability to talk to end-user with language they understand.
This would be very helpful for many non-English speakers.
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Linchao <lilinchao@oschina.cn>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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This method will be used in an upcoming extension of git-remote-curl to
download a single file over HTTP(S) by request.
Signed-off-by: Derrick Stolee <derrickstolee@github.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Change the error shown when a http.pinnedPubKey doesn't match to point
the http.pinnedPubKey variable added in aeff8a61216 (http: implement
public key pinning, 2016-02-15), e.g.:
git -c http.pinnedPubKey=sha256/someNonMatchingKey ls-remote https://github.com/git/git.git
fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/git/git.git/' with http.pinnedPubkey configuration: SSL: public key does not match pinned public key!
Before this we'd emit the exact same thing without the " with
http.pinnedPubkey configuration". The advantage of doing this is that
we're going to get a translated message (everything after the ":" is
hardcoded in English in libcurl), and we've got a reference to the
git-specific configuration variable that's causing the error.
Unfortunately we can't test this easily, as there are no tests that
require https:// in the test suite, and t/lib-httpd.sh doesn't know
how to set up such tests. See [1] for the start of a discussion about
what it would take to have divergent "t/lib-httpd/apache.conf" test
setups. #leftoverbits
1. https://lore.kernel.org/git/YUonS1uoZlZEt+Yd@coredump.intra.peff.net/
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Remove the conditional use of CURLAUTH_DIGEST_IE and
CURLOPT_USE_SSL. These two have been split from earlier simpler checks
against LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM for ease of review.
According to
https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/master/docs/libcurl/symbols-in-versions
the CURLAUTH_DIGEST_IE flag became available in 7.19.3, and
CURLOPT_USE_SSL in 7.17.0.
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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In the last commit we dropped support for curl < 7.16.0, let's
continue that and drop support for versions older than 7.19.3. This
allows us to simplify the code by getting rid of some "#ifdef"'s.
Git was broken with vanilla curl < 7.19.4 from v2.12.0 until
v2.15.0. Compiling with it was broken by using CURLPROTO_* outside any
"#ifdef" in aeae4db174 (http: create function to get curl allowed
protocols, 2016-12-14), and fixed in v2.15.0 in f18777ba6ef (http: fix
handling of missing CURLPROTO_*, 2017-08-11).
It's unclear how much anyone was impacted by that in practice, since
as noted in [1] RHEL versions using curl older than that still
compiled, because RedHat backported some features. Perhaps other
vendors did the same.
Still, it's one datapoint indicating that it wasn't in active use at
the time. That (the v2.12.0 release) was in Feb 24, 2017, with v2.15.0
on Oct 30, 2017, it's now mid-2021.
1. http://lore.kernel.org/git/c8a2716d-76ac-735c-57f9-175ca3acbcb0@jupiterrise.com;
followed-up by f18777ba6ef (http: fix handling of missing CURLPROTO_*,
2017-08-11)
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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In the last commit we dropped support for curl < 7.11.1, let's
continue that and drop support for versions older than 7.16.0. This
allows us to get rid of some now-obsolete #ifdefs.
Choosing 7.16.0 is a somewhat arbitrary cutoff:
1. It came out in October of 2006, almost 15 years ago.
Besides being a nice round number, around 10 years is
a common end-of-life support period, even for conservative
distributions.
2. That version introduced the curl_multi interface, which
gives us a lot of bang for the buck in removing #ifdefs
RHEL 5 came with curl 7.15.5[1] (released in August 2006). RHEL 5's
extended life cycle program ended on 2020-11-30[1]. RHEL 6 comes with
curl 7.19.7 (released in November 2009), and RHEL 7 comes with
7.29.0 (released in February 2013).
1. http://lore.kernel.org/git/873e1f31-2a96-5b72-2f20-a5816cad1b51@jupiterrise.com
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Drop support for this ancient version of curl and simplify the code by
allowing us get rid of some "#ifdef"'s.
Git will not build with vanilla curl older than 7.11.1 due our use of
CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE in 37ee680d9b
(http.postbuffer: allow full range of ssize_t values,
2017-04-11). This field was introduced in curl 7.11.1.
We could solve these compilation problems with more #ifdefs,
but it's not worth the trouble. Version 7.11.1 came out in
March of 2004, over 17 years ago. Let's declare that too old
and drop any existing ifdefs that go further back. One
obvious benefit is that we'll have fewer conditional bits
cluttering the code.
This patch drops all #ifdefs that reference older versions
(note that curl's preprocessor macros are in hex, so we're
looking for 070b01, not 071101).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Currently, when fetching, packfiles referenced by URIs are run through
index-pack without any arguments other than --stdin and --keep, no
matter what arguments are used for the packfile that is inline in the
fetch response. As a preparation for ensuring that all packs (whether
inline or not) use the same index-pack arguments, teach the http
subsystem to allow custom index-pack arguments.
http-fetch has been updated to use the new API. For now, it passes
--keep alone instead of --keep with a process ID, but this is only
temporary because http-fetch itself will be taught to accept index-pack
parameters (instead of using a hardcoded constant) in a subsequent
commit.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The "fetch/clone" protocol has been updated to allow the server to
instruct the clients to grab pre-packaged packfile(s) in addition
to the packed object data coming over the wire.
* jt/cdn-offload:
upload-pack: fix a sparse '0 as NULL pointer' warning
upload-pack: send part of packfile response as uri
fetch-pack: support more than one pack lockfile
upload-pack: refactor reading of pack-objects out
Documentation: add Packfile URIs design doc
Documentation: order protocol v2 sections
http-fetch: support fetching packfiles by URL
http-fetch: refactor into function
http: refactor finish_http_pack_request()
http: use --stdin when indexing dumb HTTP pack
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Teach http-fetch the ability to download packfiles directly, given a
URL, and to verify them.
The http_pack_request suite has been augmented with a function that
takes a URL directly. With this function, the hash is only used to
determine the name of the temporary file.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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finish_http_pack_request() does multiple tasks, including some
housekeeping on a struct packed_git - (1) closing its index, (2)
removing it from a list, and (3) installing it. These concerns are
independent of fetching a pack through HTTP: they are there only because
(1) the calling code opens the pack's index before deciding to fetch it,
(2) the calling code maintains a list of packfiles that can be fetched,
and (3) the calling code fetches it in order to make use of its objects
in the same process.
In preparation for a subsequent commit, which adds a feature that does
not need any of this housekeeping, remove (1), (2), and (3) from
finish_http_pack_request(). (2) and (3) are now done by a helper
function, and (1) is the responsibility of the caller (in this patch,
done closer to the point where the pack index is opened).
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Whenever GIT_CURL_VERBOSE is set, teach Git to behave as if
GIT_TRACE_CURL=1 and GIT_TRACE_CURL_NO_DATA=1 is set, instead of setting
CURLOPT_VERBOSE.
This is to prevent inadvertent revelation of sensitive data. In
particular, GIT_CURL_VERBOSE redacts neither the "Authorization" header
nor any cookies specified by GIT_REDACT_COOKIES.
Unifying the tracing mechanism also has the future benefit that any
improvements to the tracing mechanism will benefit both users of
GIT_CURL_VERBOSE and GIT_TRACE_CURL, and we do not need to remember to
implement any improvement twice.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Tan <jonathantanmy@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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f0ed8226c9 (Add custom memory allocator to MinGW and MacOS builds, 2009-05-31)
never told cURL about it.
Correct that by using the cURL initializer available since version 7.12 to
point to xmalloc and friends for consistency which then will pass the
allocation requests along when USE_NED_ALLOCATOR=YesPlease is used (most
likely in Windows)
Signed-off-by: Carlo Marcelo Arenas Belón <carenas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Mechanically and systematically drop "extern" from function
declarlation.
* dl/no-extern-in-func-decl:
*.[ch]: manually align parameter lists
*.[ch]: remove extern from function declarations using sed
*.[ch]: remove extern from function declarations using spatch
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In previous patches, extern was mechanically removed from function
declarations without care to formatting, causing parameter lists to be
misaligned. Manually format changed sections such that the parameter
lists should be realigned.
Viewing this patch with 'git diff -w' should produce no output.
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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There has been a push to remove extern from function declarations.
Remove some instances of "extern" for function declarations which are
caught by Coccinelle. Note that Coccinelle has some difficulty with
processing functions with `__attribute__` or varargs so some `extern`
declarations are left behind to be dealt with in a future patch.
This was the Coccinelle patch used:
@@
type T;
identifier f;
@@
- extern
T f(...);
and it was run with:
$ git ls-files \*.{c,h} |
grep -v ^compat/ |
xargs spatch --sp-file contrib/coccinelle/noextern.cocci --in-place
Files under `compat/` are intentionally excluded as some are directly
copied from external sources and we should avoid churning them as much
as possible.
Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Conversion from unsigned char[20] to struct object_id continues.
* bc/hash-transition-16: (35 commits)
gitweb: make hash size independent
Git.pm: make hash size independent
read-cache: read data in a hash-independent way
dir: make untracked cache extension hash size independent
builtin/difftool: use parse_oid_hex
refspec: make hash size independent
archive: convert struct archiver_args to object_id
builtin/get-tar-commit-id: make hash size independent
get-tar-commit-id: parse comment record
hash: add a function to lookup hash algorithm by length
remote-curl: make hash size independent
http: replace sha1_to_hex
http: compute hash of downloaded objects using the_hash_algo
http: replace hard-coded constant with the_hash_algo
http-walker: replace sha1_to_hex
http-push: remove remaining uses of sha1_to_hex
http-backend: allow 64-character hex names
http-push: convert to use the_hash_algo
builtin/pull: make hash-size independent
builtin/am: make hash size independent
...
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Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We make some requests with CURLOPT_FAILONERROR and some without, and
then handle_curl_result() normalizes any failures to a uniform CURLcode.
There are some other code paths in the dumb-http walker which don't use
handle_curl_result(); let's pull the normalization into its own function
so it can be reused.
Arguably those code paths would benefit from the rest of
handle_curl_result(), notably the auth handling. But retro-fitting it
now would be a lot of work, and in practice it doesn't matter too much
(whatever authentication we needed to make the initial contact with the
server is generally sufficient for the rest of the dumb-http requests).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Code clean-up.
* jk/loose-object-cache-oid:
prefer "hash mismatch" to "sha1 mismatch"
sha1-file: avoid "sha1 file" for generic use in messages
sha1-file: prefer "loose object file" to "sha1 file" in messages
sha1-file: drop has_sha1_file()
convert has_sha1_file() callers to has_object_file()
sha1-file: convert pass-through functions to object_id
sha1-file: modernize loose header/stream functions
sha1-file: modernize loose object file functions
http: use struct object_id instead of bare sha1
update comment references to sha1_object_info()
sha1-file: fix outdated sha1 comment references
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curl stops parsing a response when it sees a bad HTTP status code and it
has CURLOPT_FAILONERROR set. This prevents GIT_CURL_VERBOSE to show HTTP
headers on error.
keep_error is an option to receive the HTTP response body for those
error responses. By enabling this option, curl will process the HTTP
response headers, and they're shown if GIT_CURL_VERBOSE is set.
Signed-off-by: Masaya Suzuki <masayasuzuki@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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The dumb-http walker code still passes around and stores object ids as
"unsigned char *sha1". Let's modernize it.
There's probably still more work to be done to handle dumb-http fetches
with a new, larger hash. But that can wait; this is enough that we can
now convert some of the low-level object routines that we call into from
here (and in fact, some of the "oid.hash" references added here will be
further improved in the next patch).
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Avoid unchecked snprintf() to make future code auditing easier.
* jk/snprintf-truncation:
fmt_with_err: add a comment that truncation is OK
shorten_unambiguous_ref: use xsnprintf
fsmonitor: use internal argv_array of struct child_process
log_write_email_headers: use strbufs
http: use strbufs instead of fixed buffers
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We keep the names of incoming packs and objects in fixed
PATH_MAX-size buffers, and snprintf() into them. This is
unlikely to end up with truncated filenames, but it is
possible (especially on systems where PATH_MAX is shorter
than actual paths can be). Let's switch to using strbufs,
which makes the question go away entirely.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Add a way for callers to request that extra headers be included when
making http requests.
Signed-off-by: Brandon Williams <bmwill@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Unfortunately, in order to push some large repos where a server does
not support chunked encoding, the http postbuffer must sometimes
exceed two gigabytes. On a 64-bit system, this is OK: we just malloc
a larger buffer.
This means that we need to use CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE_LARGE to set the
buffer size.
Signed-off-by: David Turner <dturner@twosigma.com>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Transport with dumb http can be fooled into following foreign URLs
that the end user does not intend to, especially with the server
side redirects and http-alternates mechanism, which can lead to
security issues. Tighten the redirection and make it more obvious
to the end user when it happens.
* jk/http-walker-limit-redirect-2.9:
http: treat http-alternates like redirects
http: make redirects more obvious
remote-curl: rename shadowed options variable
http: always update the base URL for redirects
http: simplify update_url_from_redirect
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We instruct curl to always follow HTTP redirects. This is
convenient, but it creates opportunities for malicious
servers to create confusing situations. For instance,
imagine Alice is a git user with access to a private
repository on Bob's server. Mallory runs her own server and
wants to access objects from Bob's repository.
Mallory may try a few tricks that involve asking Alice to
clone from her, build on top, and then push the result:
1. Mallory may simply redirect all fetch requests to Bob's
server. Git will transparently follow those redirects
and fetch Bob's history, which Alice may believe she
got from Mallory. The subsequent push seems like it is
just feeding Mallory back her own objects, but is
actually leaking Bob's objects. There is nothing in
git's output to indicate that Bob's repository was
involved at all.
The downside (for Mallory) of this attack is that Alice
will have received Bob's entire repository, and is
likely to notice that when building on top of it.
2. If Mallory happens to know the sha1 of some object X in
Bob's repository, she can instead build her own history
that references that object. She then runs a dumb http
server, and Alice's client will fetch each object
individually. When it asks for X, Mallory redirects her
to Bob's server. The end result is that Alice obtains
objects from Bob, but they may be buried deep in
history. Alice is less likely to notice.
Both of these attacks are fairly hard to pull off. There's a
social component in getting Mallory to convince Alice to
work with her. Alice may be prompted for credentials in
accessing Bob's repository (but not always, if she is using
a credential helper that caches). Attack (1) requires a
certain amount of obliviousness on Alice's part while making
a new commit. Attack (2) requires that Mallory knows a sha1
in Bob's repository, that Bob's server supports dumb http,
and that the object in question is loose on Bob's server.
But we can probably make things a bit more obvious without
any loss of functionality. This patch does two things to
that end.
First, when we encounter a whole-repo redirect during the
initial ref discovery, we now inform the user on stderr,
making attack (1) much more obvious.
Second, the decision to follow redirects is now
configurable. The truly paranoid can set the new
http.followRedirects to false to avoid any redirection
entirely. But for a more practical default, we will disallow
redirects only after the initial ref discovery. This is
enough to thwart attacks similar to (2), while still
allowing the common use of redirects at the repository
level. Since c93c92f30 (http: update base URLs when we see
redirects, 2013-09-28) we re-root all further requests from
the redirect destination, which should generally mean that
no further redirection is necessary.
As an escape hatch, in case there really is a server that
needs to redirect individual requests, the user can set
http.followRedirects to "true" (and this can be done on a
per-server basis via http.*.followRedirects config).
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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HTTP transport gained an option to produce more detailed debugging
trace.
* ep/http-curl-trace:
imap-send.c: introduce the GIT_TRACE_CURL enviroment variable
http.c: implement the GIT_TRACE_CURL environment variable
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Implement the GIT_TRACE_CURL environment variable to allow a
greater degree of detail of GIT_CURL_VERBOSE, in particular
the complete transport header and all the data payload exchanged.
It might be useful if a particular situation could require a more
thorough debugging analysis. Document the new GIT_TRACE_CURL
environment variable.
Helped-by: Torsten Bögershausen <tboegi@web.de>
Helped-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsayjones.plus.com>
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Helped-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Elia Pinto <gitter.spiros@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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We introduce a way to send custom HTTP headers with all requests.
This allows us, for example, to send an extra token from build agents
for temporary access to private repositories. (This is the use case that
triggered this patch.)
This feature can be used like this:
git -c http.extraheader='Secret: sssh!' fetch $URL $REF
Note that `curl_easy_setopt(..., CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, ...)` takes only
a single list, overriding any previous call. This means we have to
collect _all_ of the headers we want to use into a single list, and
feed it to cURL in one shot. Since we already unconditionally set a
"pragma" header when initializing the curl handles, we can add our new
headers to that list.
For callers which override the default header list (like probe_rpc),
we provide `http_copy_default_headers()` so they can do the same
trick.
Big thanks to Jeff King and Junio Hamano for their outstanding help and
patient reviews.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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"git fetch" and friends that make network connections can now be
told to only use ipv4 (or ipv6).
* ew/force-ipv4:
connect & http: support -4 and -6 switches for remote operations
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Sometimes it is necessary to force IPv4-only or IPv6-only operation
on networks where name lookups may return a non-routable address and
stall remote operations.
The ssh(1) command has an equivalent switches which we may pass when
we run them. There may be old ssh(1) implementations out there
which do not support these switches; they should report the
appropriate error in that case.
rsync support is untouched for now since it is deprecated and
scheduled to be removed.
Signed-off-by: Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
Reviewed-by: Torsten Bögershausen <tboegi@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Currently, the only way to pass proxy credentials to curl is by including them
in the proxy URL. Usually, this means they will end up on disk unencrypted, one
way or another (by inclusion in ~/.gitconfig, shell profile or history). Since
proxy authentication often uses a domain user, credentials can be security
sensitive; therefore, a safer way of passing credentials is desirable.
If the configured proxy contains a username but not a password, query the
credential API for one. Also, make sure we approve/reject proxy credentials
properly.
For consistency reasons, add parsing of http_proxy/https_proxy/all_proxy
environment variables, which would otherwise be evaluated as a fallback by curl.
Without this, we would have different semantics for git configuration and
environment variables.
Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Helped-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Helped-by: Elia Pinto <gitter.spiros@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Knut Franke <k.franke@science-computing.de>
Signed-off-by: Elia Pinto <gitter.spiros@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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A HTTP server is permitted to return a non-range response to a HTTP
range request (and Apache httpd in fact does this in some cases).
While libcurl knows how to correctly handle this (by skipping bytes
before and after the requested range), it only turns on this handling
if it is aware that a range request is being made. By manually
setting the range header instead of using CURLOPT_RANGE, we were
hiding the fact that this was a range request from libcurl. This
could cause corruption.
Signed-off-by: David Turner <dturner@twopensource.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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They used to be used directly by remote-curl.c for the smart-http
protocol. But they got wrapped by run_one_slot() in beed336 (http:
never use curl_easy_perform, 2014-02-18). Any future users are
expected to follow that route.
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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Since the previous commit, we now give a sanitized,
shortened version of the content-type header to any callers
who ask for it.
This patch adds back a way for them to cleanly access
specific parameters to the type. We could easily extract all
parameters and make them available via a string_list, but:
1. That complicates the interface and memory management.
2. In practice, no planned callers care about anything
except the charset.
This patch therefore goes with the simplest thing, and we
can expand or change the interface later if it becomes
necessary.
Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
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