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2023-02-16runtime: reimplement GODEBUG=cgocheck=2 as a GOEXPERIMENTKeith Randall
Move this knob from a binary-startup thing to a build-time thing. This will enable followon optmizations to the write barrier. Change-Id: Ic3323348621c76a7dc390c09ff55016b19c43018 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/447778 Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
2023-01-28runtime: remove go119MemoryLimitSupport flagKeith Randall
Change-Id: I207480d991c6242a1610795605c5ec6a3b3c59de Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/463225 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2023-01-19runtime: replace panic(nil) with panic(new(runtime.PanicNilError))Russ Cox
Long ago we decided that panic(nil) was too unlikely to bother making a special case for purposes of recover. Unfortunately, it has turned out not to be a special case. There are many examples of code in the Go ecosystem where an author has written panic(nil) because they want to panic and don't care about the panic value. Using panic(nil) in this case has the unfortunate behavior of making recover behave as though the goroutine isn't panicking. As a result, code like: func f() { defer func() { if err := recover(); err != nil { log.Fatalf("panicked! %v", err) } }() call1() call2() } looks like it guarantees that call2 has been run any time f returns, but that turns out not to be strictly true. If call1 does panic(nil), then f returns "successfully", having recovered the panic, but without calling call2. Instead you have to write something like: func f() { done := false defer func() { if err := recover(); !done { log.Fatalf("panicked! %v", err) } }() call1() call2() done = true } which defeats nearly the whole point of recover. No one does this, with the result that almost all uses of recover are subtly broken. One specific broken use along these lines is in net/http, which recovers from panics in handlers and sends back an HTTP error. Users discovered in the early days of Go that panic(nil) was a convenient way to jump out of a handler up to the serving loop without sending back an HTTP error. This was a bug, not a feature. Go 1.8 added panic(http.ErrAbortHandler) as a better way to access the feature. Any lingering code that uses panic(nil) to abort an HTTP handler without a failure message should be changed to use http.ErrAbortHandler. Programs that need the old, unintended behavior from net/http or other packages can set GODEBUG=panicnil=1 to stop the run-time error. Uses of recover that want to detect panic(nil) in new programs can check for recover returning a value of type *runtime.PanicNilError. Because the new GODEBUG is used inside the runtime, we can't import internal/godebug, so there is some new machinery to cross-connect those in this CL, to allow a mutable GODEBUG setting. That won't be necessary if we add any other mutable GODEBUG settings in the future. The CL also corrects the handling of defaulted GODEBUG values in the runtime, for #56986. Fixes #25448. Change-Id: I2b39c7e83e4f7aa308777dabf2edae54773e03f5 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/461956 Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@google.com> Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Auto-Submit: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
2022-11-18all: add missing periods in commentscui fliter
Change-Id: I69065f8adf101fdb28682c55997f503013a50e29 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/449757 Auto-Submit: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> Reviewed-by: Joedian Reid <joedian@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Joedian Reid <joedian@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com>
2022-11-14internal/godebug: define more efficient APIRuss Cox
We have been expanding our use of GODEBUG for compatibility, and the current implementation forces a tradeoff between freshness and efficiency. It parses the environment variable in full each time it is called, which is expensive. But if clients cache the result, they won't respond to run-time GODEBUG changes, as happened with x509sha1 (#56436). This CL changes the GODEBUG API to provide efficient, up-to-date results. Instead of a single Get function, New returns a *godebug.Setting that itself has a Get method. Clients can save the result of New, which is no more expensive than errors.New, in a global variable, and then call that variable's Get method to get the value. Get costs only two atomic loads in the case where the variable hasn't changed since the last call. Unfortunately, these changes do require importing sync from godebug, which will mean that sync itself will never be able to use a GODEBUG setting. That doesn't seem like such a hardship. If it was really necessary, the runtime could pass a setting to package sync itself at startup, with the caveat that that setting, like the ones used by runtime itself, would not respond to run-time GODEBUG changes. Change-Id: I99a3acfa24fb2a692610af26a5d14bbc62c966ac Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/449504 Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Auto-Submit: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2022-10-18internal/godebug: remove dependency on osRuss Cox
The immediate reason is that we want to use godebug from math/rand, and math/rand importing godebug importing os causes an import cycle in package testing. More generally, the new approach to backward compatibility outlined in discussion #55090 will require using this package from other similarly sensitive places, perhaps even package os itself. Best to remove all dependencies. Preparation for #54880. Change-Id: Ia01657a2d90e707a8121a336c9db3b7247c0198f Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/439418 Auto-Submit: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2022-08-02runtime: trivial replacements of _g_ in remaining filesMichael Pratt
Change-Id: I24d299b345bda1c9d6fa7876d4f03c05b8c1156d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/418587 TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2022-05-12runtime: measure stack usage; start stacks larger if neededKeith Randall
Measure the average stack size used by goroutines at every GC. When starting a new goroutine, allocate an initial goroutine stack of that average size. Intuition is that we'll waste at most 2x in stack space because only half the goroutines can be below average. In turn, we avoid some of the early stack growth / copying needed in the average case. More details in the design doc at: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YDlGIdVTPnmUiTAavlZxBI1d9pwGQgZT7IKFKlIXohQ/edit?usp=sharing name old time/op new time/op delta Issue18138 95.3µs ± 0% 67.3µs ±13% -29.35% (p=0.000 n=9+10) Fixes #18138 Change-Id: Iba34d22ed04279da7e718bbd569bbf2734922eaa Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/345889 Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@google.com>
2022-04-28runtime: simply user throws, expand runtime throwsMichael Pratt
This gives explicit names to the possible states of throwing (-1, 0, 1). m.throwing is now one of: throwTypeOff: not throwing, previously == 0 throwTypeUser: user throw, previously == -1 throwTypeRuntime: runtime throw, previously == 1 For runtime throws, we now always include frame metadata and system goroutines regardless of GOTRACEBACK to aid in debugging the runtime. For user throws, we no longer include frame metadata or runtime frames, unless GOTRACEBACK=system or higher. For #51485. Change-Id: If252e2377a0b6385ce7756b937929be4273a56c0 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/390421 Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2022-04-05all: separate doc comment from //go: directivesRuss Cox
A future change to gofmt will rewrite // Doc comment. //go:foo to // Doc comment. // //go:foo Apply that change preemptively to all comments (not necessarily just doc comments). For #51082. Change-Id: Iffe0285418d1e79d34526af3520b415a12203ca9 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/384260 Trust: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
2021-11-05runtime: add harddecommit GODEBUG flagMichael Anthony Knyszek
This change adds a new debug flag that makes the runtime map pages PROT_NONE in sysUnused on Linux, in addition to the usual madvise calls. This behavior mimics the behavior of decommit on Windows, and is helpful in debugging the scavenger. sysUsed is also updated to re-map the pages as PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, mimicing Windows' explicit commit behavior. Change-Id: Iaac5fcd0e6920bd1d0e753dd4e7f0c0b128fe842 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/356612 Trust: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2021-06-17[dev.typeparams] runtime: fix import sort order [generated]Michael Anthony Knyszek
[git-generate] cd src/runtime goimports -w *.go Change-Id: I1387af0f2fd1a213dc2f4c122e83a8db0fcb15f0 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/329189 Trust: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com> TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>
2021-06-17[dev.typeparams] runtime: replace uses of runtime/internal/sys.PtrSize with ↵Michael Anthony Knyszek
internal/goarch.PtrSize [generated] [git-generate] cd src/runtime/internal/math gofmt -w -r "sys.PtrSize -> goarch.PtrSize" . goimports -w *.go cd ../.. gofmt -w -r "sys.PtrSize -> goarch.PtrSize" . goimports -w *.go Change-Id: I43491cdd54d2e06d4d04152b3d213851b7d6d423 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/328337 Trust: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
2021-03-04runtime: remove GODEBUG=scavenge modeLeonardWang
Change-Id: Ic4c7b5086303c7faa49f4cbf6738e66d5de35c7e Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/282012 Trust: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> Run-TryBot: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com> TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2020-11-02runtime: default to MADV_DONTNEED on LinuxAustin Clements
In Go 1.12, we changed the runtime to use MADV_FREE when available on Linux (falling back to MADV_DONTNEED) in CL 135395 to address issue #23687. While MADV_FREE is somewhat faster than MADV_DONTNEED, it doesn't affect many of the statistics that MADV_DONTNEED does until the memory is actually reclaimed under OS memory pressure. This generally leads to poor user experience, like confusing stats in top and other monitoring tools; and bad integration with management systems that respond to memory usage. We've seen numerous issues about this user experience, including #41818, #39295, #37585, #33376, and #30904, many questions on Go mailing lists, and requests for mechanisms to change this behavior at run-time, such as #40870. There are also issues that may be a result of this, but root-causing it can be difficult, such as #41444 and #39174. And there's some evidence it may even be incompatible with Android's process management in #37569. This CL changes the default to prefer MADV_DONTNEED over MADV_FREE, to favor user-friendliness and minimal surprise over performance. I think it's become clear that Linux's implementation of MADV_FREE ultimately doesn't meet our needs. We've also made many improvements to the scavenger since Go 1.12. In particular, it is now far more prompt and it is self-paced, so it will simply trickle memory back to the system a little more slowly with this change. This can still be overridden by setting GODEBUG=madvdontneed=0. Fixes #42330 (meta-issue). Fixes #41818, #39295, #37585, #33376, #30904 (many of which were already closed as "working as intended"). Change-Id: Ib6aa7f2dc8419b32516cc5a5fc402faf576c92e4 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/267100 Trust: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
2020-10-14runtime: implement GODEBUG=inittrace=1 supportMartin Möhrmann
Setting inittrace=1 causes the runtime to emit a single line to standard error for each package with init work, summarizing the execution time and memory allocation. The emitted debug information for init functions can be used to find bottlenecks or regressions in Go startup performance. Packages with no init function work (user defined or compiler generated) are omitted. Tracing plugin inits is not supported as they can execute concurrently. This would make the implementation of tracing more complex while adding support for a very rare use case. Plugin inits can be traced separately by testing a main package importing the plugins package imports explicitly. $ GODEBUG=inittrace=1 go test init internal/bytealg @0.008 ms, 0 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs init runtime @0.059 ms, 0.026 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs init math @0.19 ms, 0.001 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs init errors @0.22 ms, 0.004 ms clock, 0 bytes, 0 allocs init strconv @0.24 ms, 0.002 ms clock, 32 bytes, 2 allocs init sync @0.28 ms, 0.003 ms clock, 16 bytes, 1 allocs init unicode @0.44 ms, 0.11 ms clock, 23328 bytes, 24 allocs ... Inspired by stapelberg@google.com who instrumented doInit in a prototype to measure init times with GDB. Fixes #41378 Change-Id: Ic37c6a0cfc95488de9e737f5e346b8dbb39174e1 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/254659 Trust: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com> Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com> TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2020-08-17runtime: replace index and contains with bytealg callsAustin Clements
The runtime has its own implementation of string indexing. To reduce code duplication and cognitive load, replace this with calls to the internal/bytealg package. We can't do this on Plan 9 because it needs string indexing in a note handler (which isn't allowed to use the optimized bytealg version because it uses SSE), so we can't just eliminate the index function, but this CL does down-scope it so make it clear it's only for note handlers on Plan 9. Change-Id: Ie1a142678262048515c481e8c26313b80c5875df Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/244537 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
2020-02-24runtime: remove mcache field from mIan Lance Taylor
Having an mcache field in both m and p is confusing, so remove it from m. Always use mcache field from p. Use new variable mcache0 during bootstrap. Change-Id: If2cba9f8bb131d911d512b61fd883a86cf62cc98 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/205239 Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2020-01-09runtime: add scavtrace debug flag and remove scavenge info from gctraceMichael Anthony Knyszek
Currently, scavenging information is printed if the gctrace debug variable is >0. Scavenging information is also printed naively, for every page scavenged, resulting in a lot of noise when the typical expectation for GC trace is one line per GC. This change adds a new GODEBUG flag called scavtrace which prints scavenge information roughly once per GC cycle and removes any scavenge information from gctrace. The exception is debug.FreeOSMemory, which may force an additional line to be printed. Fixes #32952. Change-Id: I4177dcb85fe3f9653fd74297ea93c97c389c1811 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/212640 Run-TryBot: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2019-12-10all: fix a number of misuses of the word "an"Daniel Martí
After golang.org/cl/210124, I wondered if the same error had gone unnoticed elsewhere. I quickly spotted another dozen mistakes after reading through the output of: git grep '\<[Aa]n [bcdfgjklmnpqrtvwyz][a-z]' Many results are false positives for acronyms like "an mtime", since it's pronounced "an em-time". However, the total amount of output isn't that large given how simple the grep pattern is. Change-Id: Iaa2ca69e42f4587a9e3137d6c5ed758887906ca6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/210678 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Zach Jones <zachj1@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2019-11-02runtime: add GODEBUG=asyncpreemptoff=1Austin Clements
This doesn't do anything yet, but it will provide a way to disable non-cooperative preemption. For #10958, #24543. Change-Id: Ifdef303f103eabd0922ced8d9bebbd5f0aa2cda4 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/201757 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2019-03-15runtime: introduce and consistently use setNsec for timespecIan Lance Taylor
The general code for setting a timespec value sometimes used set_nsec and sometimes used a combination of set_sec and set_nsec. Standardize on a setNsec function that takes a number of nanoseconds and splits them up to set the tv_sec and tv_nsec fields. Consistently mark setNsec as go:nosplit, since it has to be that way on some systems including Darwin and GNU/Linux. Consistently use timediv on 32-bit systems to help stay within split-stack limits on processors that don't have a 64-bit division instruction. Change-Id: I6396bb7ddbef171a96876bdeaf7a1c585a6d725b Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/167389 Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2019-02-27internal/reflectlite: lite version of reflect packageMarcel van Lohuizen
to be used by errors package for checking assignability and setting error values in As. Updates #29934. Change-Id: I8c1d02a2c6efa0919d54b286cfe8b4edc26da059 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/161759 Run-TryBot: Marcel van Lohuizen <mpvl@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
2019-02-13runtime: scan gp._panic in stack scanCherry Zhang
In runtime.gopanic, the _panic object p is stack allocated and referenced from gp._panic. With stack objects, p on stack is dead at the point preprintpanics runs. gp._panic points to p, but stack scan doesn't look at gp. Heap scan of gp does look at gp._panic, but it stops and ignores the pointer as it points to the stack. So whatever p points to may be collected and clobbered. We need to scan gp._panic explicitly during stack scan. To test it reliably, we introduce a GODEBUG mode "clobberfree", which clobbers the memory content when the GC frees an object. Fixes #30150. Change-Id: I11128298f03a89f817faa221421a9d332b41dced Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/161778 Run-TryBot: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2019-01-02runtime: add GODEBUG=madvdontneed=1Brad Fitzpatrick
Fixes #28466 Change-Id: I05b2e0da09394d111913963b60f2ec865c9b4744 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/155931 Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2018-10-02runtime: remove GODEBUG=gcrescanstacks=1 modeAustin Clements
Currently, setting GODEBUG=gcrescanstacks=1 enables a debugging mode where the garbage collector re-scans goroutine stacks during mark termination. This was introduced in Go 1.8 to debug the hybrid write barrier, but I don't think we ever used it. Now it's one of the last sources of mark work during mark termination. This CL removes it. Updates #26903. This is preparation for unifying STW GC and concurrent GC. Updates #17503. Change-Id: I6ae04d3738aa9c448e6e206e21857a33ecd12acf Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/134777 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2018-09-12runtime: convert initial timediv quotient increments to bitsetsEmmanuel T Odeke
At the very beginning of timediv, inside a for loop, we reduce the base value by at most (1<<31)-1, while incrementing the quotient result by 1<<uint(bit). However, since the quotient value was 0 to begin with, we are essentially just doing bitsets. This change is in the hot path of various concurrency and scheduling operations that require sleeping, waiting on mutexes and futexes etc. On the following OSes: * Dragonfly * FreeBSD * Linux * NetBSD * OpenBSD * Plan9 * Windows and paired with architectures that provide the BTS instruction, this change shaves off a couple of nanoseconds per invocation of timediv. Fixes #27529 Change-Id: Ia2fea5022c1109e02d86d1f962a3b0bd70967aa6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/134231 Run-TryBot: Emmanuel Odeke <emm.odeke@gmail.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2018-08-22runtime: remove unused function caspIan Lance Taylor
Change-Id: I7c9c83ba236e1050e04377a7591fef7174df698b Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/130415 Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2018-04-13runtime/traceback: support tracking goroutine ancestor tracebacks with ↵Eric Daniels
GODEBUG="tracebackancestors=N" Currently, collecting a stack trace via runtime.Stack captures the stack for the immediately running goroutines. This change extends those tracebacks to include the tracebacks of their ancestors. This is done with a low memory cost and only utilized when debug option tracebackancestors is set to a value greater than 0. Resolves #22289 Change-Id: I7edacc62b2ee3bd278600c4a21052c351f313f3a Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/70993 Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
2017-10-30runtime: buffered write barrier implementationAustin Clements
This implements runtime support for buffered write barriers on amd64. The buffered write barrier has a fast path that simply enqueues pointers in a per-P buffer. Unlike the current write barrier, this fast path is *not* a normal Go call and does not require the compiler to spill general-purpose registers or put arguments on the stack. When the buffer fills up, the write barrier takes the slow path, which spills all general purpose registers and flushes the buffer. We don't allow safe-points or stack splits while this frame is active, so it doesn't matter that we have no type information for the spilled registers in this frame. One minor complication is cgocheck=2 mode, which uses the write barrier to detect Go pointers being written to non-Go memory. We obviously can't buffer this, so instead we set the buffer to its minimum size, forcing the write barrier into the slow path on every call. For this specific case, we pass additional information as arguments to the flush function. This also requires enabling the cgo write barrier slightly later during runtime initialization, after Ps (and the per-P write barrier buffers) have been initialized. The code in this CL is not yet active. The next CL will modify the compiler to generate calls to the new write barrier. This reduces the average cost of the write barrier by roughly a factor of 4, which will pay for the cost of having it enabled more of the time after we make the GC pacer less aggressive. (Benchmarks will be in the next CL.) Updates #14951. Updates #22460. Change-Id: I396b5b0e2c5e5c4acfd761a3235fd15abadc6cb1 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/73711 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2017-08-08runtime: remove unused prefetch functionsMartin Möhrmann
The only non test user of the assembler prefetch functions is the heapBits.prefetch function which is itself unused. The runtime prefetch functions have no functionality on most platforms and are not inlineable since they are written in assembler. The function call overhead eliminates the performance gains that could be achieved with prefetching and would degrade performance for platforms where the functions are no-ops. If prefetch functions are needed back again later they can be improved by avoiding the function call overhead and implementing them as intrinsics. Change-Id: I52c553cf3607ffe09f0441c6e7a0a818cb21117d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/44370 Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2017-03-21cmd/compile,runtime: fix atomic And8 for mipsleVladimir Stefanovic
Removing stray xori that came from big endian copy/paste. Adding atomicand8 check to runtime.check() that would have revealed this error. Might fix #19396. Change-Id: If8d6f25d3e205496163541eb112548aa66df9c2a Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/38257 Run-TryBot: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
2017-03-07runtime: honor GOTRACEBACK=crash even if _g_.m.traceback != 0Austin Clements
Change-Id: I6de1ef8f67bde044b8706c01e98400e266e1f8f0 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/37857 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
2017-02-14runtime: remove stack barriersAustin Clements
Now that we don't rescan stacks, stack barriers are unnecessary. This removes all of the code and structures supporting them as well as tests that were specifically for stack barriers. Updates #17503. Change-Id: Ia29221730e0f2bbe7beab4fa757f31a032d9690c Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36620 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2017-02-14runtime: remove unused debug.wbshadowAustin Clements
The wbshadow implementation was removed a year and a half ago in 1635ab7dfe, but the GODEBUG setting remained. Remove the GODEBUG setting since it doesn't do anything. Change-Id: I19cde324a79472aff60acb5cc9f7d4aa86c0c0ed Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/36618 Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2016-11-01runtime: access modules via a sliceDavid Crawshaw
The introduction of -buildmode=plugin means modules can be added to a Go program while it is running. This means there exists some time while the program is running with the module is on the moduledata linked list, but it has not been initialized to the satisfaction of other parts of the runtime. Notably, the GC. This CL adds a new way of access modules, an activeModules function. It returns a slice of modules that is built in the background and atomically swapped in. The parts of the runtime that need to wait on module initialization can use this slice instead of the linked list. Fixes #17455 Change-Id: I04790fd07e40c7295beb47cea202eb439206d33d Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/32357 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2016-11-01runtime: improve atoi implementationMartin Möhrmann
- Adds overflow checks - Adds parsing of negative integers - Adds boolean return value to signal parsing errors - Adds atoi32 for parsing of integers that fit in an int32 - Adds tests Handling of errors to provide error messages at the call sites is left to future CLs. Updates #17718 Change-Id: I3cacd0ab1230b9efc5404c68edae7304d39bcbc0 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/32390 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2016-10-28runtime: disable stack rescanning by defaultAustin Clements
With the hybrid barrier in place, we can now disable stack rescanning by default. This commit adds a "gcrescanstacks" GODEBUG variable that is off by default but can be set to re-enable STW stack rescanning. The plan is to leave this off but available in Go 1.8 for debugging and as a fallback. With this change, worst-case mark termination time at GOMAXPROCS=12 *not* including time spent stopping the world (which is still unbounded) is reliably under 100 µs, with a 95%ile around 50 µs in every benchmark I tried (the go1 benchmarks, the x/benchmarks garbage benchmark, and the gcbench activegs and rpc benchmarks). Including time spent stopping the world usually adds about 20 µs to total STW time at GOMAXPROCS=12, but I've seen it add around 150 µs in these benchmarks when a goroutine takes time to reach a safe point (see issue #10958) or when stopping the world races with goroutine switches. At GOMAXPROCS=1, where this isn't an issue, worst case STW is typically 30 µs. The go-gcbench activegs benchmark is designed to stress large numbers of dirty stacks. This commit reduces 95%ile STW time for 500k dirty stacks by nearly three orders of magnitude, from 150ms to 195µs. This has little effect on the throughput of the go1 benchmarks or the x/benchmarks benchmarks. name old time/op new time/op delta XGarbage-12 2.31ms ± 0% 2.32ms ± 1% +0.28% (p=0.001 n=17+16) XJSON-12 12.4ms ± 0% 12.4ms ± 0% +0.41% (p=0.000 n=18+18) XHTTP-12 11.8µs ± 0% 11.8µs ± 1% ~ (p=0.492 n=20+18) It reduces the tail latency of the x/benchmarks HTTP benchmark: name old p50-time new p50-time delta XHTTP-12 489µs ± 0% 491µs ± 1% +0.54% (p=0.000 n=20+18) name old p95-time new p95-time delta XHTTP-12 957µs ± 1% 960µs ± 1% +0.28% (p=0.002 n=20+17) name old p99-time new p99-time delta XHTTP-12 1.76ms ± 1% 1.64ms ± 1% -7.20% (p=0.000 n=20+18) Comparing to the beginning of the hybrid barrier implementation ("runtime: parallelize STW mcache flushing") shows that the hybrid barrier trades a small performance impact for much better STW latency, as expected. The magnitude of the performance impact is generally small: name old time/op new time/op delta BinaryTree17-12 2.37s ± 1% 2.42s ± 1% +2.04% (p=0.000 n=19+18) Fannkuch11-12 2.84s ± 0% 2.72s ± 0% -4.00% (p=0.000 n=19+19) FmtFprintfEmpty-12 44.2ns ± 1% 45.2ns ± 1% +2.20% (p=0.000 n=17+19) FmtFprintfString-12 130ns ± 1% 134ns ± 0% +2.94% (p=0.000 n=18+16) FmtFprintfInt-12 114ns ± 1% 117ns ± 0% +3.01% (p=0.000 n=19+15) FmtFprintfIntInt-12 176ns ± 1% 182ns ± 0% +3.17% (p=0.000 n=20+15) FmtFprintfPrefixedInt-12 186ns ± 1% 187ns ± 1% +1.04% (p=0.000 n=20+19) FmtFprintfFloat-12 251ns ± 1% 250ns ± 1% -0.74% (p=0.000 n=17+18) FmtManyArgs-12 746ns ± 1% 761ns ± 0% +2.08% (p=0.000 n=19+20) GobDecode-12 6.57ms ± 1% 6.65ms ± 1% +1.11% (p=0.000 n=19+20) GobEncode-12 5.59ms ± 1% 5.65ms ± 0% +1.08% (p=0.000 n=17+17) Gzip-12 223ms ± 1% 223ms ± 1% -0.31% (p=0.006 n=20+20) Gunzip-12 38.0ms ± 0% 37.9ms ± 1% -0.25% (p=0.009 n=19+20) HTTPClientServer-12 77.5µs ± 1% 78.9µs ± 2% +1.89% (p=0.000 n=20+20) JSONEncode-12 14.7ms ± 1% 14.9ms ± 0% +0.75% (p=0.000 n=20+20) JSONDecode-12 53.0ms ± 1% 55.9ms ± 1% +5.54% (p=0.000 n=19+19) Mandelbrot200-12 3.81ms ± 0% 3.81ms ± 1% +0.20% (p=0.023 n=17+19) GoParse-12 3.17ms ± 1% 3.18ms ± 1% ~ (p=0.057 n=20+19) RegexpMatchEasy0_32-12 71.7ns ± 1% 70.4ns ± 1% -1.77% (p=0.000 n=19+20) RegexpMatchEasy0_1K-12 946ns ± 0% 946ns ± 0% ~ (p=0.405 n=18+18) RegexpMatchEasy1_32-12 67.2ns ± 2% 67.3ns ± 2% ~ (p=0.732 n=20+20) RegexpMatchEasy1_1K-12 374ns ± 1% 378ns ± 1% +1.14% (p=0.000 n=18+19) RegexpMatchMedium_32-12 107ns ± 1% 107ns ± 1% ~ (p=0.259 n=18+20) RegexpMatchMedium_1K-12 34.2µs ± 1% 34.5µs ± 1% +1.03% (p=0.000 n=18+18) RegexpMatchHard_32-12 1.77µs ± 1% 1.79µs ± 1% +0.73% (p=0.000 n=19+18) RegexpMatchHard_1K-12 53.6µs ± 1% 54.2µs ± 1% +1.10% (p=0.000 n=19+19) Template-12 61.5ms ± 1% 63.9ms ± 0% +3.96% (p=0.000 n=18+18) TimeParse-12 303ns ± 1% 300ns ± 1% -1.08% (p=0.000 n=19+20) TimeFormat-12 318ns ± 1% 320ns ± 0% +0.79% (p=0.000 n=19+19) Revcomp-12 (*) 509ms ± 3% 504ms ± 0% ~ (p=0.967 n=7+12) [Geo mean] 54.3µs 54.8µs +0.88% (*) Revcomp is highly non-linear, so I only took samples with 2 iterations. name old time/op new time/op delta XGarbage-12 2.25ms ± 0% 2.32ms ± 1% +2.74% (p=0.000 n=16+16) XJSON-12 11.6ms ± 0% 12.4ms ± 0% +6.81% (p=0.000 n=18+18) XHTTP-12 11.6µs ± 1% 11.8µs ± 1% +1.62% (p=0.000 n=17+18) Updates #17503. Updates #17099, since you can't have a rescan list bug if there's no rescan list. I'm not marking it as fixed, since gcrescanstacks can still be set to re-enable the rescan lists. Change-Id: I6e926b4c2dbd4cd56721869d4f817bdbb330b851 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31766 Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
2016-05-27[dev.ssa] Merge branch 'master' into dev.ssaDavid Chase
Change-Id: Iabc80b6e0734efbd234d998271e110d2eaad41dd
2016-05-26runtime: tell race detector about reflectOffs.lockDavid Crawshaw
Fixes #15832 Change-Id: I6f3f45e3c21edd0e093ecb1d8a067907863478f5 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/23441 Reviewed-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
2016-05-05[dev.ssa] Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into mergebranchKeith Randall
Merge from tip into ssa. Change-Id: Icbc1c46d9f4721e4a0f99a24dd708044407ee9f7
2016-05-05[dev.ssa] all: merge from tip to get dev.ssa currentKeith Randall
So we can start working on other architectures here. Change is a dummy to keep git happy. Change-Id: I1caa62a242790601810a1ff72af7ea9773d4da76 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/22822 Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2016-04-18cmd/compile, etc: use name offset in method tablesDavid Crawshaw
Introduce and start using nameOff for two encoded names. This pair of changes is best done together because the linker's method decoder expects the method layouts to match. Precursor to converting all existing name and *string fields to nameOff. linux/amd64: cmd/go: -45KB (0.5%) jujud: -389KB (0.6%) linux/amd64 PIE: cmd/go: -170KB (1.4%) jujud: -1.5MB (1.8%) For #6853. Change-Id: Ia044423f010fb987ce070b94c46a16fc78666ff6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21396 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
2016-04-13cmd/compile, etc: store method tables as offsetsDavid Crawshaw
This CL introduces the typeOff type and a lookup method of the same name that can turn a typeOff offset into an *rtype. In a typical Go binary (built with buildmode=exe, pie, c-archive, or c-shared), there is one moduledata and all typeOff values are offsets relative to firstmoduledata.types. This makes computing the pointer cheap in typical programs. With buildmode=shared (and one day, buildmode=plugin) there are multiple modules whose relative offset is determined at runtime. We identify a type in the general case by the pair of the original *rtype that references it and its typeOff value. We determine the module from the original pointer, and then use the typeOff from there to compute the final *rtype. To ensure there is only one *rtype representing each type, the runtime initializes a typemap for each module, using any identical type from an earlier module when resolving that offset. This means that types computed from an offset match the type mapped by the pointer dynamic relocations. A series of followup CLs will replace other *rtype values with typeOff (and name/*string with nameOff). For types created at runtime by reflect, type offsets are treated as global IDs and reference into a reflect offset map kept by the runtime. darwin/amd64: cmd/go: -57KB (0.6%) jujud: -557KB (0.8%) linux/amd64 PIE: cmd/go: -361KB (3.0%) jujud: -3.5MB (4.2%) For #6853. Change-Id: Icf096fd884a0a0cb9f280f46f7a26c70a9006c96 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21285 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> Run-TryBot: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-04-12cmd/link, etc: store typelinks as offsetsDavid Crawshaw
This is the first in a series of CLs to replace the use of pointers in binary read-only data with offsets. In standard Go binaries these CLs have a small effect, shrinking 8-byte pointers to 4-bytes. In position-independent code, it also saves the dynamic relocation for the pointer. This has a significant effect on the binary size when building as PIE, c-archive, or c-shared. darwin/amd64: cmd/go: -12KB (0.1%) jujud: -82KB (0.1%) linux/amd64 PIE: cmd/go: -86KB (0.7%) jujud: -569KB (0.7%) For #6853. Change-Id: Iad5625bbeba58dabfd4d334dbee3fcbfe04b2dcf Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21284 Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> Run-TryBot: David Crawshaw <crawshaw@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-03-07runtime: eliminate unnecessary type conversionsMatthew Dempsky
Automated refactoring produced using github.com/mdempsky/unconvert. Change-Id: Iacf871a4f221ef17f48999a464ab2858b2bbaa90 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20071 Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com> Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-03-02all: single space after period.Brad Fitzpatrick
The tree's pretty inconsistent about single space vs double space after a period in documentation. Make it consistently a single space, per earlier decisions. This means contributors won't be confused by misleading precedence. This CL doesn't use go/doc to parse. It only addresses // comments. It was generated with: $ perl -i -npe 's,^(\s*// .+[a-z]\.) +([A-Z]),$1 $2,' $(git grep -l -E '^\s*//(.+\.) +([A-Z])') $ go test go/doc -update Change-Id: Iccdb99c37c797ef1f804a94b22ba5ee4b500c4f7 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20022 Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Dave Day <djd@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2016-02-24runtime, syscall: switch linux/386 to use int 0x80Shenghou Ma
Like bionic, musl also doesn't provide vsyscall helper in %gs:0x10, and as int $0x80 is as fast as calling %gs:0x10, just use int $0x80 always. Because we're no longer using vsyscall in VDSO, get rid of VDSO code for linux/386 too. Fixes #14476. Change-Id: I00ec8652060700e0a3c9b524bfe3c16a810263f6 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/19833 Run-TryBot: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org> Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
2015-12-18runtime/debug: add SetTracebackRuss Cox
Programs that call panic to crash after detecting a serious problem may wish to use SetTraceback to force printing of all goroutines first. Change-Id: Ib23ad9336f405485aabb642ca73f454a14c8baf3 Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/18043 Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2015-11-25runtime: check that masks and shifts are correct alignedShenghou Ma
We need a runtime check because the original issue is encountered when running cross compiled windows program from linux. It's better to give a meaningful crash message earlier than to segfault later. The added test should not impose any measurable overhead to Go programs. For #12415. Change-Id: Ib4a24ef560c09c0585b351d62eefd157b6b7f04c Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/14207 Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org> Run-TryBot: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org> TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>