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2024-04-08reftable/stack: use geometric table compactionJustin Tobler
To reduce the number of on-disk reftables, compaction is performed. Contiguous tables with the same binary log value of size are grouped into segments. The segment that has both the lowest binary log value and contains more than one table is set as the starting point when identifying the compaction segment. Since segments containing a single table are not initially considered for compaction, if the table appended to the list does not match the previous table log value, no compaction occurs for the new table. It is therefore possible for unbounded growth of the table list. This can be demonstrated by repeating the following sequence: git branch -f foo git branch -d foo Each operation results in a new table being written with no compaction occurring until a separate operation produces a table matching the previous table log value. Instead, to avoid unbounded growth of the table list, the compaction strategy is updated to ensure tables follow a geometric sequence after each operation by individually evaluating each table in reverse index order. This strategy results in a much simpler and more robust algorithm compared to the previous one while also maintaining a minimal ordered set of tables on-disk. When creating 10 thousand references, the new strategy has no performance impact: Benchmark 1: update-ref: create refs sequentially (revision = HEAD~) Time (mean ± σ): 26.516 s ± 0.047 s [User: 17.864 s, System: 8.491 s] Range (min … max): 26.447 s … 26.569 s 10 runs Benchmark 2: update-ref: create refs sequentially (revision = HEAD) Time (mean ± σ): 26.417 s ± 0.028 s [User: 17.738 s, System: 8.500 s] Range (min … max): 26.366 s … 26.444 s 10 runs Summary update-ref: create refs sequentially (revision = HEAD) ran 1.00 ± 0.00 times faster than update-ref: create refs sequentially (revision = HEAD~) Some tests in `t0610-reftable-basics.sh` assert the on-disk state of tables and are therefore updated to specify the correct new table count. Since compaction is more aggressive in ensuring tables maintain a geometric sequence, the expected table count is reduced in these tests. In `reftable/stack_test.c` tests related to `sizes_to_segments()` are removed because the function is no longer needed. Also, the `test_suggest_compaction_segment()` test is updated to better showcase and reflect the new geometric compaction behavior. Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com> Acked-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-04-08reftable/stack: expose option to disable auto-compactionJustin Tobler
The reftable stack already has a variable to configure whether or not to run auto-compaction, but it is inaccessible to users of the library. There exist use cases where a caller may want to have more control over auto-compaction. Move the `disable_auto_compact` option into `reftable_write_options` to allow external callers to disable auto-compaction. This will be used in a subsequent commit. Signed-off-by: Justin Tobler <jltobler@gmail.com> Acked-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-25reftable/stack: gracefully handle failed auto-compaction due to locksPatrick Steinhardt
Whenever we commit a new table to the reftable stack we will end up invoking auto-compaction of the stack to keep the total number of tables at bay. This auto-compaction may fail though in case at least one of the tables which we are about to compact is locked. This is indicated by the compaction function returning `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR`. We do not handle this case though, and thus bubble that return value up the calling chain, which will ultimately cause a failure. Fix this bug by ignoring `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR`. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-25reftable/stack: use error codes when locking fails during compactionPatrick Steinhardt
Compaction of a reftable stack may fail gracefully when there is a concurrent process that writes to the reftable stack and which has thus locked either the "tables.list" file or one of the tables. This is expected and can be handled gracefully by some of the callers which invoke compaction. Thus, to indicate this situation to our callers, we return a positive return code from `stack_compact_range()` and bubble it up to the caller. This kind of error handling is somewhat awkward though as many callers in the call chain never even think of handling positive return values. Thus, the result is either that such errors are swallowed by accident, or that we abort operations with an unhelpful error message. Make the code more robust by always using negative error codes when compaction fails, with `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR` for the described benign error case. Note that only a single callsite knew to handle positive error codes gracefully in the first place. Subsequent commits will touch up some of the other sites to handle those errors better. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-25reftable/error: discern locked/outdated errorsPatrick Steinhardt
We currently throw two different errors into a similar-but-different error code: - Errors when trying to lock the reftable stack. - Errors when trying to write to the reftable stack which has been modified concurrently. This results in unclear error handling and user-visible error messages. Create a new `REFTABLE_OUTDATED_ERROR` so that those error conditions can be clearly told apart from each other. Adjust users of the old `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR` to use the new error code as required. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-25reftable/stack: fix error handling in `reftable_stack_init_addition()`Patrick Steinhardt
In `reftable_stack_init_addition()` we call `stack_uptodate()` after having created the lockfile to check whether the stack was modified concurrently, which is indicated by a positive return code from the latter function. If so, we return a `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR` to the caller and abort the addition. The error handling has an off-by-one though because we check whether the error code is `> 1` instead of `> 0`. Thus, instead of returning the locking error, we would return a positive value. One of the callers of `reftable_stack_init_addition()` works around this bug by repeating the error code check without the off-by-one. But other callers are subtly broken by this bug. Fix this by checking for `err > 0` instead. This has the consequence that `reftable_stack_init_addition()` won't ever return a positive error code anymore, but will instead return `REFTABLE_LOCK_ERROR` now. Thus, we can drop the check for a positive error code in `stack_try_add()` now. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-07reftable/stack: register compacted tables as tempfilesPatrick Steinhardt
We do not register tables resulting from stack compaction with the tempfile API. Those tables will thus not be deleted in case Git gets killed. Refactor the code to register compacted tables as tempfiles. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-07reftable/stack: register lockfiles during compactionPatrick Steinhardt
We do not register any of the locks we acquire when compacting the reftable stack via our lockfiles interfaces. These locks will thus not be released when Git gets killed. Refactor the code to register locks as lockfiles. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-03-07reftable/stack: register new tables as tempfilesPatrick Steinhardt
We do not register new tables which we're about to add to the stack with the tempfile API. Those tables will thus not be deleted in case Git gets killed. Refactor the code to register tables as tempfiles. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-12Merge branch 'ps/reftable-styles'Junio C Hamano
Code clean-up in various reftable code paths. * ps/reftable-styles: reftable/record: improve semantics when initializing records reftable/merged: refactor initialization of iterators reftable/merged: refactor seeking of records reftable/stack: use `size_t` to track stack length reftable/stack: use `size_t` to track stack slices during compaction reftable/stack: index segments with `size_t` reftable/stack: fix parameter validation when compacting range reftable: introduce macros to allocate arrays reftable: introduce macros to grow arrays
2024-02-06Merge branch 'ps/reftable-compacted-tables-permission-fix'Junio C Hamano
Reftable bugfix. * ps/reftable-compacted-tables-permission-fix: reftable/stack: adjust permissions of compacted tables
2024-02-06Merge branch 'jc/reftable-core-fsync'Junio C Hamano
The write codepath for the reftable data learned to honor core.fsync configuration. * jc/reftable-core-fsync: reftable/stack: fsync "tables.list" during compaction reftable: honor core.fsync
2024-02-06reftable/stack: use `size_t` to track stack lengthPatrick Steinhardt
While the stack length is already stored as `size_t`, we frequently use `int`s to refer to those stacks throughout the reftable library. Convert those cases to use `size_t` instead to make things consistent. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-06reftable/stack: use `size_t` to track stack slices during compactionPatrick Steinhardt
We use `int`s to track reftable slices when compacting the reftable stack, which is considered to be a code smell in the Git project. Convert the code to use `size_t` instead. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-06reftable/stack: index segments with `size_t`Patrick Steinhardt
We use `int`s to index into arrays of segments and track the length of them, which is considered to be a code smell in the Git project. Convert the code to use `size_t` instead. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-06reftable/stack: fix parameter validation when compacting rangePatrick Steinhardt
The `stack_compact_range()` function receives a "first" and "last" index that indicates which tables of the reftable stack should be compacted. Naturally, "first" must be smaller than "last" in order to identify a proper range of tables to compress, which we indeed also assert in the function. But the validations happens after we have already allocated arrays with a size of `last - first + 1`, leading to an underflow and thus an invalid allocation size. Fix this by reordering the array allocations to happen after we have validated parameters. While at it, convert the array allocations to use the newly introduced macros. Note that the relevant variables pointing into arrays should also be converted to use `size_t` instead of `int`. This is left for a later commit in this series. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-06reftable: introduce macros to allocate arraysPatrick Steinhardt
Similar to the preceding commit, let's carry over macros to allocate arrays with `REFTABLE_ALLOC_ARRAY()` and `REFTABLE_CALLOC_ARRAY()`. This requires us to change the signature of `reftable_calloc()`, which only takes a single argument right now and thus puts the burden on the caller to calculate the final array's size. This is a net improvement though as it means that we can now provide proper overflow checks when multiplying the array size with the member size. Convert callsites of `reftable_calloc()` to the new signature and start using the new macros where possible. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-02-06reftable: introduce macros to grow arraysPatrick Steinhardt
Throughout the reftable library we have many cases where we need to grow arrays. In order to avoid too many reallocations, we roughly double the capacity of the array on each iteration. The resulting code pattern is duplicated across many sites. We have similar patterns in our main codebase, which is why we have eventually introduced an `ALLOC_GROW()` macro to abstract it away and avoid some code duplication. We cannot easily reuse this macro here though because `ALLOC_GROW()` uses `REALLOC_ARRAY()`, which in turn will call realloc(3P) to grow the array. The reftable code is structured as a library though (even if the boundaries are fuzzy), and one property this brings with it is that it is possible to plug in your own allocators. So instead of using realloc(3P), we need to use `reftable_realloc()` that knows to use the user-provided implementation. So let's introduce two new macros `REFTABLE_REALLOC_ARRAY()` and `REFTABLE_ALLOC_GROW()` that mirror what we do in our main codebase, with two modifications: - They use `reftable_realloc()`, as explained above. - They use a different growth factor of `2 * cap + 1` instead of `(cap + 16) * 3 / 2`. The second change is because we know a bit more about the allocation patterns in the reftable library. In most cases, we end up only having a handful of items in the array and don't end up growing them. The initial capacity that our normal growth factor uses (which is 24) would thus end up over-allocating in a lot of code paths. This effect is measurable: - Before change: HEAP SUMMARY: in use at exit: 671,983 bytes in 152 blocks total heap usage: 3,843,446 allocs, 3,843,294 frees, 223,761,402 bytes allocated - After change with a growth factor of `(2 * alloc + 1)`: HEAP SUMMARY: in use at exit: 671,983 bytes in 152 blocks total heap usage: 3,843,446 allocs, 3,843,294 frees, 223,761,410 bytes allocated - After change with a growth factor of `(alloc + 16)* 2 / 3`: HEAP SUMMARY: in use at exit: 671,983 bytes in 152 blocks total heap usage: 3,833,673 allocs, 3,833,521 frees, 4,728,251,742 bytes allocated While the total heap usage is roughly the same, we do end up allocating significantly more bytes with our usual growth factor (in fact, roughly 21 times as many). Convert the reftable library to use these new macros. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-30reftable/stack: fsync "tables.list" during compactionPatrick Steinhardt
In 1df18a1c9a (reftable: honor core.fsync, 2024-01-23), we have added code to fsync both newly written reftables as well as "tables.list" to disk. But there are two code paths where "tables.list" is being written: - When appending a new table due to a normal ref update. - When compacting a range of tables during compaction. We have only addressed the former code path, but do not yet sync the new "tables.list" file in the latter. Fix this omission. Note that we are not yet adding any tests. These tests will be added once the "reftable" backend has been upstreamed. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-29Merge branch 'ps/reftable-optimize-io'Junio C Hamano
Low-level I/O optimization for reftable. * ps/reftable-optimize-io: reftable/stack: fix race in up-to-date check reftable/stack: unconditionally reload stack after commit reftable/blocksource: use mmap to read tables reftable/blocksource: refactor code to match our coding style reftable/stack: use stat info to avoid re-reading stack list reftable/stack: refactor reloading to use file descriptor reftable/stack: refactor stack reloading to have common exit path
2024-01-26reftable/stack: adjust permissions of compacted tablesPatrick Steinhardt
When creating a new compacted table from a range of preexisting ones we don't set the default permissions on the resulting table when specified by the user. This has the effect that the "core.sharedRepository" config will not be honored correctly. Fix this bug and add a test to catch this issue. Note that we only test on non-Windows platforms because Windows does not use POSIX permissions natively. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-23reftable: honor core.fsyncJohn Cai
While the reffiles backend honors configured fsync settings, the reftable backend does not. Address this by fsyncing reftable files using the write-or-die api's fsync_component() in two places: when we add additional entries into the table, and when we close the reftable writer. This commits adds a flush function pointer as a new member of reftable_writer because we are not sure that the first argument to the *write function pointer always contains a file descriptor. In the case of strbuf_add_void, the first argument is a buffer. This way, we can pass in a corresponding flush function that knows how to flush depending on which writer is being used. This patch does not contain tests as they will need to wait for another patch to start to exercise the reftable backend. At that point, the tests will be added to observe that fsyncs are happening when the reftable is in use. Signed-off-by: John Cai <johncai86@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-18reftable/stack: fix race in up-to-date checkPatrick Steinhardt
In 6fdfaf15a0 (reftable/stack: use stat info to avoid re-reading stack list, 2024-01-11) we have introduced a new mechanism to avoid re-reading the table list in case stat(3P) figures out that the stack didn't change since the last time we read it. While this change significantly improved performance when writing many refs, it can unfortunately lead to false negatives in very specific scenarios. Given two processes A and B, there is a feasible sequence of events that cause us to accidentally treat the table list as up-to-date even though it changed: 1. A reads the reftable stack and caches its stat info. 2. B updates the stack, appending a new table to "tables.list". This will both use a new inode and result in a different file size, thus invalidating A's cache in theory. 3. B decides to auto-compact the stack and merges two tables. The file size now matches what A has cached again. Furthermore, the filesystem may decide to recycle the inode number of the file we have replaced in (2) because it is not in use anymore. 4. A reloads the reftable stack. Neither the inode number nor the file size changed. If the timestamps did not change either then we think the cached copy of our stack is up-to-date. In fact, the commit introduced three related issues: - Non-POSIX compliant systems may not report proper `st_dev` and `st_ino` values in stat(3P), which made us rely solely on the file's potentially coarse-grained mtime and ctime. - `stat_validity_check()` and friends may end up not comparing `st_dev` and `st_ino` depending on the "core.checkstat" config, again reducing the signal to the mtime and ctime. - `st_ino` can be recycled, rendering the check moot even on POSIX-compliant systems. Given that POSIX defines that "The st_ino and st_dev fields taken together uniquely identify the file within the system", these issues led to the most important signal to establish file identity to be ignored or become useless in some cases. Refactor the code to stop using `stat_validity_check()`. Instead, we manually stat(3P) the file descriptors to make relevant information available. On Windows and MSYS2 the result will have both `st_dev` and `st_ino` set to 0, which allows us to address the first issue by not using the stat-based cache in that case. It also allows us to make sure that we always compare `st_dev` and `st_ino`, addressing the second issue. The third issue of inode recycling can be addressed by keeping the file descriptor of "files.list" open during the lifetime of the reftable stack. As the file will still exist on disk even though it has been unlinked it is impossible for its inode to be recycled as long as the file descriptor is still open. This should address the race in a POSIX-compliant way. The only real downside is that this mechanism cannot be used on non-POSIX-compliant systems like Windows. But we at least have the second-level caching mechanism in place that compares contents of "files.list" with the currently loaded list of tables. This new mechanism performs roughly the same as the previous one that relied on `stat_validity_check()`: Benchmark 1: update-ref: create many refs (HEAD~) Time (mean ± σ): 4.754 s ± 0.026 s [User: 2.204 s, System: 2.549 s] Range (min … max): 4.694 s … 4.802 s 20 runs Benchmark 2: update-ref: create many refs (HEAD) Time (mean ± σ): 4.721 s ± 0.020 s [User: 2.194 s, System: 2.527 s] Range (min … max): 4.691 s … 4.753 s 20 runs Summary update-ref: create many refs (HEAD~) ran 1.01 ± 0.01 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (HEAD) Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-18reftable/stack: unconditionally reload stack after commitPatrick Steinhardt
After we have committed an addition to the reftable stack we call `reftable_stack_reload()` to reload the stack and thus reflect the changes that were just added. This function will only conditionally reload the stack in case `stack_uptodate()` tells us that the stack needs reloading. This check is wasteful though because we already know that the stack needs reloading. Call `reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse()` instead, which will unconditionally reload the stack. This is merely a conceptual fix, the code in question was not found to cause any problems in practice. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-11reftable/stack: use stat info to avoid re-reading stack listPatrick Steinhardt
Whenever we call into the refs interfaces we potentially have to reload refs in case they have been concurrently modified, either in-process or externally. While this happens somewhat automatically for loose refs because we simply try to re-read the files, the "packed" backend will reload its snapshot of the packed-refs file in case its stat info has changed since last reading it. In the reftable backend we have a similar mechanism that is provided by `reftable_stack_reload()`. This function will read the list of stacks from "tables.list" and, if they have changed from the currently stored list, reload the stacks. This is heavily inefficient though, as we have to check whether the stack is up-to-date on basically every read and thus keep on re-reading the file all the time even if it didn't change at all. We can do better and use the same stat(3P)-based mechanism that the "packed" backend uses. Instead of reading the file, we will only open the file descriptor, fstat(3P) it, and then compare the info against the cached value from the last time we have updated the stack. This should always work alright because "tables.list" is updated atomically via a rename, so even if the ctime or mtime wasn't granular enough to identify a change, at least the inode number or file size should have changed. This change significantly speeds up operations where many refs are read, like when using git-update-ref(1). The following benchmark creates N refs in an otherwise-empty repository via `git update-ref --stdin`: Benchmark 1: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 1, revision = HEAD~) Time (mean ± σ): 5.1 ms ± 0.2 ms [User: 2.4 ms, System: 2.6 ms] Range (min … max): 4.8 ms … 7.2 ms 109 runs Benchmark 2: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 100, revision = HEAD~) Time (mean ± σ): 19.1 ms ± 0.9 ms [User: 8.9 ms, System: 9.9 ms] Range (min … max): 18.4 ms … 26.7 ms 72 runs Benchmark 3: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 10000, revision = HEAD~) Time (mean ± σ): 1.336 s ± 0.018 s [User: 0.590 s, System: 0.724 s] Range (min … max): 1.314 s … 1.373 s 10 runs Benchmark 4: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 1, revision = HEAD) Time (mean ± σ): 5.1 ms ± 0.2 ms [User: 2.4 ms, System: 2.6 ms] Range (min … max): 4.8 ms … 7.2 ms 109 runs Benchmark 5: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 100, revision = HEAD) Time (mean ± σ): 14.8 ms ± 0.2 ms [User: 7.1 ms, System: 7.5 ms] Range (min … max): 14.2 ms … 15.2 ms 82 runs Benchmark 6: update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 10000, revision = HEAD) Time (mean ± σ): 927.6 ms ± 5.3 ms [User: 437.8 ms, System: 489.5 ms] Range (min … max): 919.4 ms … 936.4 ms 10 runs Summary update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 1, revision = HEAD) ran 1.00 ± 0.07 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 1, revision = HEAD~) 2.89 ± 0.14 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 100, revision = HEAD) 3.74 ± 0.25 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 100, revision = HEAD~) 181.26 ± 8.30 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 10000, revision = HEAD) 261.01 ± 12.35 times faster than update-ref: create many refs (refcount = 10000, revision = HEAD~) Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-11reftable/stack: refactor reloading to use file descriptorPatrick Steinhardt
We're about to introduce a stat(3P)-based caching mechanism to reload the list of stacks only when it has changed. In order to avoid race conditions this requires us to have a file descriptor available that we can use to call fstat(3P) on. Prepare for this by converting the code to use `fd_read_lines()` so that we have the file descriptor readily available. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-11reftable/stack: refactor stack reloading to have common exit pathPatrick Steinhardt
The `reftable_stack_reload_maybe_reuse()` function is responsible for reloading the reftable list from disk. The function is quite hard to follow though because it has a bunch of different exit paths, many of which have to free the same set of resources. Refactor the function to have a common exit path. While at it, touch up the style of this function a bit to match our usual coding style better. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-03reftable/stack: do not auto-compact twice in `reftable_stack_add()`Patrick Steinhardt
In 5c086453ff (reftable/stack: perform auto-compaction with transactional interface, 2023-12-11), we fixed a bug where the transactional interface to add changes to a reftable stack did not perform auto-compaction by calling `reftable_stack_auto_compact()` in `reftable_stack_addition_commit()`. While correct, this change may now cause us to perform auto-compaction twice in the non-transactional interface `reftable_stack_add()`: - It performs auto-compaction by itself. - It now transitively performs auto-compaction via the transactional interface. Remove the first instance so that we only end up doing auto-compaction once. Reported-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwenn@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2024-01-03reftable/stack: do not overwrite errors when compactingPatrick Steinhardt
In order to compact multiple stacks we iterate through the merged ref and log records. When there is any error either when reading the records from the old merged table or when writing the records to the new table then we break out of the respective loops. When breaking out of the loop for the ref records though the error code will be overwritten, which may cause us to inadvertently skip over bad ref records. In the worst case, this can lead to a compacted stack that is missing records. Fix the code by using `goto done` instead so that any potential error codes are properly returned to the caller. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable/stack: fix use of unseeded randomnessPatrick Steinhardt
When writing a new reftable stack, Git will first create the stack with a random suffix so that concurrent updates will not try to write to the same file. This random suffix is computed via a call to rand(3P). But we never seed the function via srand(3P), which means that the suffix is in fact always the same. Fix this bug by using `git_rand()` instead, which does not need to be initialized. While this function is likely going to be slower depending on the platform, this slowness should not matter in practice as we only use it when writing a new reftable stack. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable/stack: fix stale lock when dyingPatrick Steinhardt
When starting a transaction via `reftable_stack_init_addition()`, we create a lockfile for the reftable stack itself which we'll write the new list of tables to. But if we terminate abnormally e.g. via a call to `die()`, then we do not remove the lockfile. Subsequent executions of Git which try to modify references will thus fail with an out-of-date error. Fix this bug by registering the lock as a `struct tempfile`, which ensures automatic cleanup for us. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable/stack: reuse buffers when reloading stackPatrick Steinhardt
In `reftable_stack_reload_once()` we iterate over all the tables added to the stack in order to figure out whether any of the tables needs to be reloaded. We use a set of buffers in this context to compute the paths of these tables, but discard those buffers on every iteration. This is quite wasteful given that we do not need to transfer ownership of the allocated buffer outside of the loop. Refactor the code to instead reuse the buffers to reduce the number of allocations we need to do. Note that we do not have to manually reset the buffer because `stack_filename()` does this for us already. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable/stack: perform auto-compaction with transactional interfacePatrick Steinhardt
Whenever updating references or reflog entries in the reftable stack, we need to add a new table to the stack, thus growing the stack's length by one. The stack can grow to become quite long rather quickly, leading to performance issues when trying to read records. But besides performance issues, this can also lead to exhaustion of file descriptors very rapidly as every single table requires a separate descriptor when opening the stack. While git-pack-refs(1) fixes this issue for us by merging the tables, it runs too irregularly to keep the length of the stack within reasonable limits. This is why the reftable stack has an auto-compaction mechanism: `reftable_stack_add()` will call `reftable_stack_auto_compact()` after its added the new table, which will auto-compact the stack as required. But while this logic works alright for `reftable_stack_add()`, we do not do the same in `reftable_addition_commit()`, which is the transactional equivalent to the former function that allows us to write multiple updates to the stack atomically. Consequentially, we will easily run into file descriptor exhaustion in code paths that use many separate transactions like e.g. non-atomic fetches. Fix this issue by calling `reftable_stack_auto_compact()`. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable: handle interrupted writesPatrick Steinhardt
There are calls to write(3P) where we don't properly handle interrupts. Convert them to use `write_in_full()`. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2023-12-11reftable: handle interrupted readsPatrick Steinhardt
There are calls to pread(3P) and read(3P) where we don't properly handle interrupts. Convert them to use `pread_in_full()` and `read_in_full()`, respectively. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2022-02-16Merge branch 'hn/reftable-coverity-fixes'Junio C Hamano
Problems identified by Coverity in the reftable code have been corrected. * hn/reftable-coverity-fixes: reftable: add print functions to the record types reftable: make reftable_record a tagged union reftable: remove outdated file reftable.c reftable: implement record equality generically reftable: make reftable-record.h function signatures const correct reftable: handle null refnames in reftable_ref_record_equal reftable: drop stray printf in readwrite_test reftable: order unittests by complexity reftable: all xxx_free() functions accept NULL arguments reftable: fix resource warning reftable: ignore remove() return value in stack_test.c reftable: check reftable_stack_auto_compact() return value reftable: fix resource leak blocksource.c reftable: fix resource leak in block.c error path reftable: fix OOB stack write in print functions
2022-01-20reftable: fix resource warningHan-Wen Nienhuys
This would trigger in the unlikely event that we are compacting, and the next available file handle is 0. Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-12-23reftable: support preset file mode for writingHan-Wen Nienhuys
Create files with mode 0666, so umask works as intended. Provides an override, which is useful to support shared repos (test t1301-shared-repo.sh). Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-10-08reftable: implement stack, a mutable database of reftable files.Han-Wen Nienhuys
Signed-off-by: Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>